CFR /  Title 13  /  Part 142  /  Sec. 142.6 What does the phrase ``know or have reason to know'' mean?

A person knows or has reason to know (that a claim or statement is false) if the person:

(a) Has actual knowledge that the claim or statement is false, fictitious, or fraudulent; or

(b) Acts in deliberate ignorance of the truth or falsity of the claim or statement; or

(c) Acts in reckless disregard of the truth or falsity of the claim or statement.

Procedures Leading to Issuance of a Complaint