(a) General. It is the policy of the United States to deny licenses and other approvals for exports and imports of defense articles and defense services, destined for or originating in certain countries. This policy applies to Belarus, Cuba, Eritrea, Iran, North Korea, Syria, and Venezuela. This policy also applies to countries with respect to which the United States maintains an arms embargo (e.g., Burma, China, and the Republic of the Sudan) or whenever an export would not otherwise be in furtherance of world peace and the security and foreign policy of the United States. Information regarding certain other embargoes appears elsewhere in this section. Comprehensive arms embargoes are normally the subject of a Department of State notice published in the Federal Register. The exemptions provided in this subchapter, except Sec. Sec. 123.17, 126.4, and 126.6 of this subchapter or when the recipient is a U.S. Government department or agency, do not apply with respect to defense articles or defense services originating in or for export to any proscribed countries, areas, or persons identified in this section or to brokering activities involving such countries, areas, or persons. (See Sec. 129.7 of this subchapter, which imposes restrictions on brokering activities similar to those in this section.)
(b) Shipments. A defense article licensed or otherwise authorized for export, temporary import, reexport, or retransfer under this subchapter may not be shipped on a vessel, aircraft, spacecraft, or other means of conveyance that is owned by, operated by, leased to, or leased from any of the proscribed countries, areas, or other persons referred to in this section.
(c) Exports and sales prohibited by United Nations Security Council embargoes. Whenever the United Nations Security Council mandates an arms embargo, all transactions that are prohibited by the embargo and that involve U.S. persons (see Sec. 120.15 of this subchapter) anywhere, or any person in the United States, and defense articles or services of a type described on the United States Munitions List (22 CFR part 121), irrespective of origin, are prohibited under the ITAR for the duration of the embargo, unless the Department of State publishes a notice in the Federal Register specifying different measures. This would include, but is not limited to, transactions involving trade by U.S. persons who are located inside or outside of the United States in defense articles or services of U.S. or foreign origin that are located inside or outside of the United States. United Nations Security Council arms embargoes include, but are not necessarily limited to, the following countries:
(1) Cote d'Ivoire (see also paragraph (q) of this section).
(2) Democratic Republic of Congo (see also paragraph (i) of this section).
(3) Eritrea.
(4) Iraq (see also paragraph (f) of this section).
(5) Iran.
(6) Lebanon (see also paragraph (t) of this section).
(7) Liberia (see also paragraph (o) of this section).
(8) Libya (see also paragraph (k) of this section).
(9) North Korea.
(10) Somalia (see also paragraph (m) of this section).
(11) The Republic of the Sudan (see also paragraph (v) of this section).
(d) Terrorism. Exports to countries which the Secretary of State has determined to have repeatedly provided support for acts of international terrorism are contrary to the foreign policy of the United States and are thus subject to the policy specified in paragraph (a) of this section and the requirements of section 40 of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2780) and the Omnibus Diplomatic Security and Anti-Terrorism Act of 1986 (22 U.S.C. 4801, note). The countries in this category are: Cuba, Iran, the Republic of the Sudan, and Syria.
(e)(1) Proposed and final sales. No sale, export, transfer, reexport, or retransfer of, and no proposal or presentation to sell, export, transfer, reexport, or retransfer, any defense articles or defense services subject to this subchapter may be made to any country referred to in this section (including the embassies or consulates of such a country), or to any person acting on its behalf, whether in the United States or abroad, without first obtaining a license or written approval of the Directorate of Defense Trade Controls. However, in accordance with paragraph (a) of this section, it is the policy of the Department of State to deny licenses and approvals in such cases.
(1) Proposed and final sales. No sale, export, transfer, reexport, or retransfer of, and no proposal or presentation to sell, export, transfer, reexport, or retransfer, any defense articles or defense services subject to this subchapter may be made to any country referred to in this section (including the embassies or consulates of such a country), or to any person acting on its behalf, whether in the United States or abroad, without first obtaining a license or written approval of the Directorate of Defense Trade Controls. However, in accordance with paragraph (a) of this section, it is the policy of the Department of State to deny licenses and approvals in such cases.
(2) Duty to notify. Any person who knows or has reason to know of a proposed, final, or actual sale, export, transfer, reexport, or retransfer of articles, services, or data as described in paragraph (e)(1) of this section must immediately inform the Directorate of Defense Trade Controls. Such notifications should be submitted to the Office of Defense Trade Controls Compliance, Directorate of Defense Trade Controls.
Note to paragraph (e): ``Proposal'' and ``presentation'' mean the communication of information in sufficient detail that it would permit an intended purchaser to decide to acquire the article in question or to enter into an agreement as described in part 124 of this subchapter. For example, communicating information on the equipment's performance characteristics, price, and probable availability for delivery would be a proposal or presentation requiring a license or other approval.
(f) Iraq. It is the policy of the United States to deny licenses or other approvals for exports and imports of defense articles and defense services, destined for or originating in Iraq, except that a license or other approval may be issued, on a case-by-case basis for:
(1) Non-lethal military equipment; and
(2) Lethal military equipment required by the Government of Iraq or coalition forces.
(g) Afghanistan. It is the policy of the United States to deny licenses or other approvals for exports and imports of defense articles and defense services, destined for or originating in Afghanistan, except that a license or other approval may be issued, on a case-by-case basis, for the Government of Afghanistan or coalition forces. In addition, the names of individuals, groups, undertakings, and entities subject to arms embargoes, due to their affiliation with the Taliban, Al-Qaida, or those associated with them, are published in lists maintained by the United Nations Security Council's Sanctions Committees (established pursuant to United Nations Security Council resolutions (UNSCR) 1267, 1988, and 1989).
(h) [Reserved]
(i) Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is the policy of the United States to deny licenses or other approvals for exports or imports of defense articles and defense services destined for or originating in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, except that a license or other approval may be issued, on a case-by-case basis, for:
(1) Defense articles and defense services for the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo as notified in advance to the Committee of the Security Council concerning the Democratic Republic of the Congo;
(2) Defense articles and defense services intended solely for the support of or use by the United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC);
(3) Personal protective gear temporarily exported to the Democratic Republic of the Congo by United Nations personnel, representatives of the media, and humanitarian and development workers and associated personnel, for their personal use only; and
(4) Non-lethal military equipment intended solely for humanitarian or protective use, and related technical assistance and training, as notified in advance to the Committee of the Security Council concerning the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
(j) Haiti. (1) It is the policy of the United States to deny licenses or other approvals for exports or imports of defense articles and defense services destined for or originating in Haiti, except that a license or other approval may be issued, on a case-by-case basis, for:
(1) It is the policy of the United States to deny licenses or other approvals for exports or imports of defense articles and defense services destined for or originating in Haiti, except that a license or other approval may be issued, on a case-by-case basis, for:
(i) Defense articles and defense services intended solely for the support of or use by security units that operate under the command of the Government of Haiti, to include the Coast Guard;
(ii) Defense articles and defense services intended solely for the support of or use by the United Nations or a United Nations-authorized mission; and
(iii) Personal protective gear for use by personnel from the United Nations and other international organizations, representatives of the media, and development workers and associated personnel.
(2) All shipments of arms and related materials consistent with the above exceptions shall only be made to Haitian security units as designated by the Government of Haiti, in coordination with the U.S. Government.
(k) Libya. It is the policy of the United States to deny licenses or other approvals for exports or imports of defense articles and defense services destined for or originating in Libya, except that a license or other approval may be issued, on a case-by-case basis, for:
(1) Arms and related materiel intended solely for security or disarmament assistance to the Libyan government, notified to the Committee of the Security Council concerning Libya in advance and in the absence of a negative decision by the Committee within five working days of such a notification;
(2) Non-lethal military equipment when intended solely for security or disarmament assistance to the Libyan government;
(3) The provision of any technical assistance or training when intended solely for security or disarmament assistance to the Libyan government;
(4) Small arms, light weapons, and related materiel temporarily exported to Libya for the sole use of United Nations personnel, representatives of the media, and humanitarian and development workers and associated personnel, notified to the Committee of the Security Council concerning Libya in advance and in the absence of a negative decision by the Committee within five working days of such a notification;
(5) Non-lethal military equipment intended solely for humanitarian or protective use, and related technical assistance or training; or
(6) Other sales or supply of arms and related materiel, or provision of assistance or personnel, as approved in advance by the Committee of the Security Council concerning Libya.
(l) Vietnam. It is the policy of the United States to deny licenses or other approvals for exports or imports of defense articles and defense services destined for or originating in Vietnam, except that a license or other approval may be issued, on a case-by-case basis, for:
(1) Lethal defense articles and defense services to enhance maritime security capabilities and domain awareness;
(2) Non-lethal defense articles and defense services; or,
(3) Non-lethal, safety-of-use defense articles (e.g., cartridge actuated devices, propellant actuated devices and technical manuals for military aircraft for purposes of enhancing the safety of the aircraft crew) for lethal end-items.
Note to paragraph (l). For non-lethal defense end-items, no distinction will be made between Vietnam's existing and new inventory.
(m) Somalia. It is the policy of the United States to deny licenses or other approvals for exports or imports of defense articles and defense services destined for or originating in Somalia, except that a license or other approval may be issued, on a case-by-case basis, for:
(1) Defense articles and defense services intended solely for support for the African Union Mission to Somalia (AMISOM); and
(2) Defense services for the purpose of helping develop security sector institutions in Somalia that further the objectives of peace, stability and reconciliation in Somalia, after advance notification of the proposed export by the United States Government to the UNSC Somalia Sanctions Committee and the absence of a negative decision by that committee. Exemptions from the licensing requirement may not be used with respect to any export to Somalia unless specifically authorized in writing by the Directorate of Defense Trade Controls.
(n) Sri Lanka. It is the policy of the United States to deny licenses or other approvals for exports or imports of defense articles and defense services destined for or originating in Sri Lanka, except that a license or other approval may be issued, on a case-by-case basis, for humanitarian demining and aerial or maritime surveillance.
(o) Liberia. It is the policy of the United States to deny licenses or other approvals for exports or imports of defense articles and defense services destined for or originating in Liberia, except that a license or other approval may be issued, on a case-by-case basis, for:
(1) Defense articles and defense services for the Government of Liberia as notified in advance to the Committee of the Security Council concerning Liberia;
(2) Defense articles and defense services intended solely for support of or use by the United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL);
(3) Personal protective gear temporarily exported to Liberia by United Nations personnel, representatives of the media and humanitarian and development workers and associated personnel, for their personal use only; and
(4) Non-lethal military equipment intended solely for humanitarian or protective use, and related technical assistance and training, as notified in advance to the Committee of the Security Council concerning Liberia.
(p) Fiji. It is the policy of the United States to deny licenses or other approvals for exports or imports of defense articles and defense services destined for or originating in Fiji, except that a license or other approval may be issued, on a case-by-case basis, for defense articles and defense services intended solely in support of peacekeeping activities.
(q) C[ocirc]te d'Ivoire. It is the policy of the United States to deny licenses or other approvals for exports or imports of defense articles and defense services destined for or originating in C[ocirc]te d'Ivoire, except that a license or other approval may be issued, on a case-by-case basis, for:
(1) Defense articles and defense services intended solely for support of or use by the United Nations Operations in C[ocirc]te d'Ivoire (UNOCI) and the French forces that support them;
(2) Non-lethal military equipment intended solely for humanitarian or protective use, and related technical assistance and training, as approved in advance to the Committee of the Security Council concerning C[ocirc]te d'Ivoire;
(3) Personal protective gear temporarily exported to C[ocirc]te d'Ivoire by United Nations personnel, representatives of the media and humanitarian and development workers and associated personnel, for their personal use only;
(4) Supplies temporarily exported to C[ocirc]te d'Ivoire to the forces of a State which is taking action, in accordance with international law, solely and directly to facilitate the evacuation of its nationals and those for whom it has consular responsibility in C[ocirc]te d'Ivoire, as notified in advance to the Committee of the Security Council concerning C[ocirc]te d'Ivoire; and
(5) Non-lethal equipment intended solely to enable the Ivorian security forces to use only appropriate and proportionate force while maintaining public order, as approved in advance by the Sanctions Committee.
(r) Cyprus. It is the policy of the United States to deny licenses or other approvals, for exports or imports of defense articles and defense services destined for or originating in Cyprus, except that a license or other approval may be issued, on a case-by-case basis, for the United Nations Forces in Cyprus (UNFICYP) or for civilian end-users.
(s) Zimbabwe. It is the policy of the United States to deny licenses or other approvals for exports or imports of defense articles and defense services destined for or originating in Zimbabwe, except that a license or other approval may be issued, on a case-by-case basis, for the temporary export of firearms and ammunition for personal use by individuals (not for resale or retransfer, including to the Government of Zimbabwe). Such exports may meet the licensing exemptions of Sec. 123.17 of this subchapter.
(t) Lebanon. It is the policy of the United States to deny licenses or other approvals for exports or imports of defense articles and defense services destined for or originating in Lebanon, except that a license or other approval may be issued, on a case-by-case basis, for the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) or as authorized by the Government of Lebanon.
(u) Central African Republic. It is the policy of the United States to deny licenses or other approvals for exports or imports of defense articles and defense services destined for or originating in the Central African Republic, except that a license or other approval may be issued, on a case-by-case basis, for:
(1) Defense articles intended solely for the support of or use by the International Support Mission to the Central African Republic (MISCA); the UN Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic (MINUSCA); the African Union Regional Task Force (AU-RTF); and the French forces and European Union operation deployed in the Central African Republic;
(2) Non-lethal military equipment, and related technical assistance and training, when intended solely for humanitarian and protective use, as approved in advance by the Committee of the Security Council concerning the Central African Republic;
(3) Personal protective gear temporarily exported to the Central African Republic by United Nations personnel, representatives of the media, and humanitarian and developmental workers and associated personnel, for their personal use only;
(4) Small arms and related equipment intended solely for use in international patrols providing security in the Sangha River Tri-national Protected Area to defend against poaching, smuggling of ivory and arms, and other activities contrary to the laws of the Central African Republic or its international legal obligations;
(5) Arms and related lethal military equipment for Central African Republic security forces, intended solely for support of or use in security sector reform, as approved in advance by the Committee of the Security Council concerning the Central African Republic; or
(6) Other sales or supply of arms and related materiel, or provision of assistance or personnel, as approved in advance by the Committee of the Security Council concerning the Central African Republic.
(v) Sudan. It is the policy of the United States to deny licenses or other approvals for exports or imports of defense articles and defense services destined for or originating in the Republic of the Sudan, except a license or other approval may be issued, on a case-by-case basis, for:
(1) Supplies and related technical training and assistance to monitoring, verification, or peace support operations, including those authorized by the United Nations or operating with the consent of the relevant parties;
(2) Supplies of non-lethal military equipment intended solely for humanitarian, human rights monitoring, or protective uses and related technical training and assistance;
(3) Personal protective gear for the personal use of United Nations personnel, human rights monitors, representatives of the media, and humanitarian and development workers and associated personnel; or
(4) Assistance and supplies provided in support of implementation of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement.
Note to Sec. 126.1. On July 9, 2011, the Republic of South Sudan declared independence from Sudan and was recognized as a sovereign state by the United States. This policy does not apply to the Republic of South Sudan. Licenses or other approvals for exports or imports of defense articles and defense services destined for or originating in the Republic of the South Sudan will be considered on a case-by-case basis. [58 FR 39312, July 22, 1993]
Editorial Note: For Federal Register citations affecting Sec. 126.1, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at www.fdsys.gov.