(a) The requirements of section 169A of the Clean Air Act are not met, because the plan does not include approvable procedures for protection of visibility in mandatory Class I Federal areas.
(b) Regulations for visibility monitoring and new source review. The provisions of Sec. Sec. 52.26, 52.27 and 52.28, are hereby incorporated and made part of the applicable plan for the State of Arizona.
(c) Long-term strategy. The provisions of Sec. 52.29 are hereby incorporated and made part of the applicable plan for the State of Arizona.
(d) This paragraph is applicable to the fossil fuel-fired, steam-generating equipment designated as Units 1, 2, and 3 at the Navajo Generating Station in the Northern Arizona Intrastate Air Quality Control Region (Sec. 81.270 of this chapter).
(1) Definitions.
Administrator means the Administrator of EPA or his/her designee.
Affected Unit(s) means the steam-generating unit(s) at the Navajo Generating Station, all of which are subject to the emission limitation in paragraph (d)(2) of this section, that has accumulated at least 365 boiler operating days since the passage of the date defined in paragraph (d)(6) of this section applicable to it.
Boiler Operating Day for each of the boiler units at the Navajo Generating Station is defined as a 24-hour calendar day (the period of time between 12:01 a.m. and 12:00 midnight in Page, Arizona) during which coal is combusted in that unit for the entire 24 hours.
Owner or Operator means the owner, participant in, or operator of the Navajo Generating Station to which this paragraph is applicable.
Unit-Week of Maintenance means a period of 7 days during which a fossil fuel-fired steam-generating unit is under repair, and no coal is combusted in the unit.
(2) Emission limitation. No owner or operator shall discharge or cause the discharge of sulfur oxides into the atmosphere in excess of 42 ng/J [0.10 pound per million British thermal units (lb/MMBtu)] heat input.
(3) Compliance determination. Until at least one unit qualifies as an affected unit, no compliance determination is appropriate. As each unit qualifies for treatment as an affected unit, it shall be included in the compliance determination. Compliance with this emission limit shall be determined daily on a plant-wide rolling annual basis as follows:
(i) For each boiler operating day at each steam generating unit subject to the emission limitation in paragraph (d)(2) of this section, the owner or operator shall record the unit's hourly SO2 emissions using the data from the continuous emission monitoring systems, [required in paragraph (d)(4) of this section] and the daily electric energy generated by the unit (in megawatt-hours) as measured by the megawatt-hour meter for the unit.
(ii) Compute the average daily SO2 emission rate in ng/J (lb/MMBtu) following the procedures set out in method 19, appendix A, 40 CFR part 60 in effect on October 3, 1991.
(iii) For each boiler operating day for each affected unit, calculate the product of the daily SO2 emission rate (computed according to paragraph (d)(3)(ii) of this section) and the daily electric energy generated (recorded according to paragraph (d)(3)(i) of this section) for each unit.
(iv) For each affected unit, identify the previous 365 boiler operating days to be used in the compliance determination. Except as provided in paragraphs (d)(9) and (d)(10) of this section, all of the immediately preceding 365 boiler operating days will be used for compliance determinations.
(v) Sum, for all affected units, the products of the daily SO2 emission rate-electric energy generated (as calculated according to paragraph (d)(3)(iii) of this section) for the boiler operating days identified in paragraph (d)(3)(iv) of this section.
(vi) Sum, for all affected units, the daily electric energy generated (recorded according to paragraph (d)(3)(i) of this section) for the boiler operating days identified in paragraph (d)(3)(iv) of this section.
(vii) Calculate the weighted plant-wide annual average SO2 emission rate by dividing the sum of the products determined according to paragraph (d)(3)(v) of this section by the sum of the electric energy generated determined according to paragraph (d)(3)(vi) of this section.
(viii) The weighted plant-wide annual average SO2 emission rate shall be used to determine compliance with the emission limitation in paragraph (d)(2) of this section.
(4) Continuous emission monitoring. The owner or operator shall install, maintain, and operate continuous emission monitoring systems to determine compliance with the emission limitation in paragraph (d)(2) of this section as calculated in paragraph (d)(3) of this section. This equipment shall meet the specifications in appendix B of 40 CFR part 60 in effect on October 3, 1991. The owner or operator shall comply with the quality assurance procedures for continuous emission monitoring systems found in appendix F of 40 CFR part 60 in effect on October 3, 1991.
(5) Reporting requirements. For each steam generating unit subject to the emission limitation in paragraph (d)(2) of this section, the owner or operator:
(i) Shall furnish the Administrator written notification of the SO2, oxygen, and carbon dioxide emissions according to the procedures found in 40 CFR Sec. 60.7 in effect on October 3, 1991.
(ii) Shall furnish the Administrator written notification of the daily electric energy generated in megawatt-hours.
(iii) Shall maintain records according to the procedures in 40 CFR 60.7 in effect on October 3, 1991.
(iv) Shall notify the Administrator by telephone or in writing within one business day of any outage of the control system needed for compliance with the emission limitation in paragraph (d)(2) of this section and shall submit a follow-up written report within 30 days of the repairs stating how the repairs were accomplished and justifying the amount of time taken for the repairs.
(6) Compliance dates. The requirements of this paragraph shall be applicable to one unit at the Navajo Generating Station beginning November 19, 1997, to two units beginning November 19, 1998, and to all units beginning on August 19, 1999.
(7) Schedule of compliance. The owner or operator shall take the following actions by the dates specified:
(i) By June 1, 1992, award binding contracts to an architectural and engineering firm to design and procure the control system needed for compliance with the emission limitation in paragraph (d)(2) of this section.
(ii) By January 1, 1995, initiate on-site construction or installation of a control system for the first unit.
(iii) By May 1, 1997, initiate start-up testing of the control system for the first unit.
(iv) By May 1, 1998, initiate start-up testing of the control system for the second unit.
(v) By February 1, 1999, initiate start-up testing of the control system for the third unit. The interim deadlines will be extended if the owner or operators can demonstrate to the Administrator that compliance with the deadlines in paragraph (d)(6) of this section will not be affected.
(8) Reporting on compliance schedule. Within 30 days after the specified date for each deadline in the schedule of compliance (paragraph (d)(7) of this section, the owner or operator shall notify the Administrator in writing whether the deadline was met. If it was not met the notice shall include an explanation why it was not met and the steps which shall be taken to ensure future deadlines will be met.
(9) Exclusion for equipment failure during initial operation. For each unit, in determining compliance for the first year that such unit is required to meet the emission limitation in paragraph (d)(2) of this section, periods during which one of the following conditions are met shall be excluded:
(i) Equipment or systems do not meet designer's or manufacturer's performance expectations.
(ii) Field installation including engineering or construction precludes equipment or systems from performing as designed. The periods to be excluded shall be determined by the Administrator based on the periodic reports of compliance with the emission limitation in paragraph (d)(2) of this section which shall identify the times proposed for exclusion and provide the reasons for the exclusion, including the reasons for the control system outage. The report also shall describe the actions taken to avoid the outage, to minimize its duration, and to reduce SO2 emissions at the plant to the extent practicable while the control system was not fully operational. Whenever the time to be excluded exceeds a cumulative total of 30 days for any control system for any affected unit, the owner or operators shall submit a report within 15 days addressing the history of and prognosis for the performance of the control system.
(10) Exclusion for catastrophic failure. In addition to the exclusion of periods allowed in paragraph (d)(9) of this section, any periods of emissions from an affected unit for which the Administrator finds that the control equipment or system for such unit is out of service because of catastrophic failure of the control system which occurred for reasons beyond the control of the owner or operators and could not have been prevented by good engineering practices will be excluded from the compliance determination. Events which are the consequence of lack of appropriate maintenance or of intentional or negligent conduct or omissions of the owner or operators or the control system design, construction, or operating contractors do not constitute catastrophic failure.
(11) Equipment operation. The owner or operator shall optimally operate all equipment or systems needed to comply with the requirements of this paragraph consistent with good engineering practices to keep emissions at or below the emission limitation in paragraph (d)(2) of this section, and following outages of any control equipment or systems the control equipment or system will be returned to full operation as expeditiously as practicable.
(12) Maintenance scheduling. On March 16 of each year starting in 1993, the owner or operator shall prepare and submit to the Administrator a long-term maintenance plan for the Navajo Generating Station which accommodates the maintenance requirements for the other generating facilities on the Navajo Generating Station grid covering the period from March 16 to March 15 of the next year and showing at least 6 unit-weeks of maintenance for the Navajo Generating Station during the November 1 to March 15 period, except as provided in paragraph (d)(13) of this section. This plan shall be developed consistent with the criteria established by the Western States Coordinating Council of the North American Electric Reliability Council to ensure an adequate reserve margin of electric generating capacity. At the time that a plan is transmitted to the Administrator, the owner or operator shall notify the Administrator in writing if less than the full scheduled unit-weeks of maintenance were conducted for the period covered by the previous plan and shall furnish a written report stating how that year qualified for one of the exceptions identified in paragraph (d)(13) of this section.
(13) Exceptions for maintenance scheduling. The owner or operator shall conduct a full 6 unit-weeks of maintenance in accordance with the plan required in paragraph (d)(12) of this section unless the owner or operator can demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Administrator that a full 6 unit-weeks of maintenance during the November 1 to March 15 period should not be required because of the following:
(i) There is no need for 6 unit-weeks of scheduled periodic maintenance in the year covered by the plan;
(ii) The reserve margin on any electrical system served by the Navajo Generating Station would fall to an inadequate level, as defined by the criteria referred to in paragraph (d)(12) of this section.
(iii) The cost of compliance with this requirement would be excessive. The cost of compliance would be excessive when the economic savings to the owner or operator of moving maintenance out of the November 1 to March 15 period exceeds $50,000 per unit-day of maintenance moved.
(iv) A major forced outage at a unit occurs outside of the November 1 to March 15 period, and necessary periodic maintenance occurs during the period of forced outage. If the Administrator determines that a full 6 unit-weeks of maintenance during the November 1 to March 15 period should not be required, the owner or operator shall nevertheless conduct that amount of scheduled maintenance that is not precluded by the Administrator. Generally, the owner or operator shall make best efforts to conduct as much scheduled maintenance as practicable during the November 1 to March 15 period.
(e) Approval. On February 28, 2011, the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality submitted the ``Arizona State Implementation Plan, Regional Haze Under Section 308 of the Federal Regional Haze Rule'' (``Arizona Regional Haze SIP'').
(1) With the exception of the NOX BART determinations for Units ST2 and ST3 at AEPCO Apache Generating Station; Units 2, 3, and 4 at APS Cholla Power Plant; and Units 1 and 2 at SRP Coronado Generating Station, and the BART compliance provisions for all BART emissions limits at the eight units at the three power plants, the BART determinations for AEPCO Apache Generating Station, APS Cholla Power Plant, and SRP Coronado Generating Station in the Arizona Regional Haze SIP meet the applicable requirements of Clean Air Act sections 169A and 169B and the Regional Haze Rule in 40 CFR 51.301 through 51.308.
(2) The following portions of the Arizona Regional Haze SIP are disapproved because they do not meet the applicable requirements of Clean Air Act sections 169A and 169B and the Regional Haze Rule in 40 CFR 51.301 through 51.308:
(i) The determination that Unit I4 at TEP's Irvington [Sundt] Generating Station is not BART-eligible;
(ii) The portions of the long-term strategy for regional haze related to emission reductions for out-of-state Class I areas, emissions limitations and schedules for compliance to achieve the reasonable progress goal and enforceability of emissions limitations and control measures.
(iii) The NOX BART determination for Units ST2 and ST3 at AEPCO Apache Generating Station;
(iv) The NOX BART determination for Units 2, 3, and 4 at APS Cholla Power Plant;
(v) The NOX BART determination for Units 1 and 2 at SRP Coronado Generating Station; and
(vi) The BART compliance provisions for all BART emissions limits at Units ST1, ST2 and ST3 at AEPCO Apache Generating Station, Units 2, 3, and 4 at APS Cholla Power Plant, and Units 1 and 2 at SRP Coronado Generating Station.
(f) Source-specific federal implementation plan for regional haze at Cholla Power Plant and Coronado Generating Station--(1) Applicability. This paragraph (f) applies to each owner/operator of the following coal-fired electricity generating units (EGUs) in the state of Arizona: Cholla Power Plant, Units 2, 3, and 4 and Coronado Generating Station, Units 1 and 2. The provisions of this paragraph (f) are severable, and if any provision of this paragraph (f), or the application of any provision of this paragraph (f) to any owner/operator or circumstance, is held invalid, the application of such provision to other owner/operators and other circumstances, and the remainder of this paragraph (f), shall not be affected thereby.
(1) Applicability. This paragraph (f) applies to each owner/operator of the following coal-fired electricity generating units (EGUs) in the state of Arizona: Cholla Power Plant, Units 2, 3, and 4 and Coronado Generating Station, Units 1 and 2. The provisions of this paragraph (f) are severable, and if any provision of this paragraph (f), or the application of any provision of this paragraph (f) to any owner/operator or circumstance, is held invalid, the application of such provision to other owner/operators and other circumstances, and the remainder of this paragraph (f), shall not be affected thereby.
(2) Definitions. Terms not defined below shall have the meaning given to them in the Clean Air Act or EPA's regulations implementing the Clean Air Act. For purposes of this paragraph (f):
ADEQ means the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality.
Boiler-operating day means a 24-hour period between 12 midnight and the following midnight during which any fuel is combusted at any time in the unit.
Coal-fired unit means any of the EGUs identified in paragraph (f)(1) of this section.
Continuous emission monitoring system or CEMS means the equipment required by 40 CFR part 75 and this paragraph (f).
Emissions limitation or emissions limit means any of the Federal Emission Limitations required by this paragraph (f) or any of the applicable PM10 and SO2 emissions limits for Cholla Power Plant and Coronado Generating Station submitted to EPA as part of the Arizona Regional Haze SIP in a letter dated February 28, 2011, and approved into the Arizona State Implementation Plan on December 5, 2012.
Flue Gas Desulfurization System or FGD means a pollution control device that employs flue gas desulfurization technology, including an absorber utilizing lime, fly ash, or limestone slurry, for the reduction of sulfur dioxide emissions.
Group of coal-fired units mean Units 1 and 2 for Coronado Generating Station and Units 2, 3, and 4 for Cholla Power Plant.
lb means pound(s).
NOX means nitrogen oxides expressed as nitrogen dioxide (NO2).
Owner(s)/operator(s) means any person(s) who own(s) or who operate(s), control(s), or supervise(s) one or more of the units identified in paragraph (f)(1) of this section.
MMBtu means million British thermal unit(s).
Operating hour means any hour that fossil fuel is fired in the unit.
PM10 means filterable total particulate matter less than 10 microns and the condensable material in the impingers as measured by Methods 201A and 202 in 40 CFR part 51, appendix M.
Regional Administrator means the Regional Administrator of EPA Region IX or his/her authorized representative.
SO2 means sulfur dioxide.
SO2 removal efficiency means the quantity of SO2 removed as calculated by the procedure in paragraph (f)(5)(iii)(B) of this section.
Unit means any of the EGUs identified in paragraph (f)(1) of this section.
Valid data means data recorded when the CEMS is not out-of-control as defined by 40 CFR part 75.
(3) Federal emission limitations--(i) NOX emission limitations. The owner/operator of each coal-fired unit subject to this paragraph (f) shall not emit or cause to be emitted NOX in excess of the following limitations, in pounds per million British thermal units (lb/MMBtu) from any group of coal-fired units. Each emission limit shall be based on a rolling 30-boiler-operating-day average, unless otherwise indicated in specific paragraphs. ------------------------------------------------------------------------
Federal
Group of coal-fired units emission
limitation------------------------------------------------------------------------Cholla Power Plant Units 2, 3, and 4.................... 0.055Coronado Generating Station Units 1 and 2............... 0.065------------------------------------------------------------------------
(ii) SO2 removal efficiency requirement. The owners/operators of Cholla Power Plant Units 2, 3, and 4 shall achieve and maintain a 30-day rolling average SO2 removal efficiency of 95 percent at each unit.
(4) Compliance dates. (i) The owners/operators of each unit subject to this paragraph (f) shall comply with the NOX emissions limitations and other NOX-related requirements of this paragraph (f) no later than December 5, 2017.
(i) The owners/operators of each unit subject to this paragraph (f) shall comply with the NOX emissions limitations and other NOX-related requirements of this paragraph (f) no later than December 5, 2017.
(ii) The owners/operators of each unit subject to this paragraph (f) shall comply with the applicable PM10 and SO2 emissions limits submitted to EPA as part of the Arizona Regional Haze SIP in a letter dated February 28, 2011, and approved into the Arizona State Implementation Plan on December 5, 2012, as well as the related compliance, recordkeeping and reporting of this paragraph (f) no later than the following dates: ------------------------------------------------------------------------
Compliance date
Unit ---------------------------------------
PM10 SO2------------------------------------------------------------------------Cholla Power Plant, Unit 2...... April 1, 2016..... April 1, 2016.Cholla Power Plant, Unit 3...... June 3, 2013...... June 3, 2013.Cholla Power Plant, Unit 4...... June 3, 2013...... June 3, 2013.Coronado Generating Station, June 3, 2013...... June 3, 2013.
Unit 1.Coronado Generating Station, June 3, 2013...... June 3, 2013.
Unit 2.------------------------------------------------------------------------
(iii) The owners/operators of Cholla Power Plant Units 2, 3 and 4 shall comply with the SO2 removal efficiency requirement in paragraph (f)(5)(iii)(B) of this section all related compliance, recordkeeping and reporting requirements no later than the following dates: ------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------Cholla Power Plant, Unit 2................ April 1, 2016.Cholla Power Plant, Unit 3................ December 5, 2013.Cholla Power Plant, Unit 4................ December 5, 2013.------------------------------------------------------------------------
(5) Compliance determinations for NOX and SO4--(i) Continuous emission monitoring system.
(i) Continuous emission monitoring system.
(A) At all times after the compliance date specified in paragraph (f)(4) of this section, the owner/operator of each coal-fired unit shall maintain, calibrate, and operate a CEMS, in full compliance with the requirements found at 40 CFR part 75, to accurately measure SO2, NOX, diluent, and stack gas volumetric flow rate from each unit. In addition, the owner/operator of Cholla Units 2, 3, and 4 shall calibrate, maintain, and operate a CEMS, in full compliance with the requirements found at 40 CFR part 75, to accurately measure SO2 emissions and diluent at the inlet of the sulfur dioxide control device. All valid CEMS hourly data shall be used to determine compliance with the emission limitations for NOX and SO2 in paragraph (f)(3) of this section for each unit. When the CEMS is out-of-control as defined by 40 CFR part 75, that CEMs data shall be treated as missing data, and not used to calculate the emission average. Each required CEMS must obtain valid data for at least 90 percent of the unit operating hours, on an annual basis.
(B) The owner/operator of each unit shall comply with the quality assurance procedures for CEMS found in 40 CFR part 75. In addition to these 40 CFR part 75 requirements, relative accuracy test audits shall be calculated for both the NOX and SO2 pounds per hour measurement and the heat input measurement. The CEMs monitoring data shall not be bias adjusted. The inlet SO2 and diluent monitors required by this rule shall also meet the Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) requirements of 40 CFR part 75. The testing and evaluation of the inlet monitors and the calculations of relative accuracy for lb/hr of NOX, SO2 and heat input shall be performed each time the 40 CFR part 75 CEMS undergo relative accuracy testing. In addition, relative accuracy test audits shall be performed in the units of lb/MMBtu for the inlet and outlet SO2 monitors at Cholla Units 2, 3, and 4.
(ii) Compliance determinations for NOX. (A) The 30-day rolling average NOX emission rate for each group of coal-fired units shall be calculated for each calendar day, even if a unit is not in operation on that calendar day, in accordance with the following procedure: step one, for each unit, sum the hourly pounds of NOX emitted during the current boiler-operating day (or most recent boiler-operating day if the unit is not in operation), and the preceding twenty-nine (29) boiler-operating days, to calculate the total pounds of NOX emitted over the most recent thirty (30) boiler-operating day period for each coal-fired unit; step two, for each unit, sum the hourly heat input, in MMBtu, during the current boiler-operating day (or most recent boiler-operating day if the unit is not in operation), and the preceding twenty-nine (29) boiler-operating days, to calculate the total heat input, in MMBtu, over the most recent thirty (30) boiler-operating day period for each coal-fired unit; step 3, sum together the total pounds of NOX emitted from the group of coal-fired units over each unit's most recent thirty (30) boiler-operating day period (the most recent 30 boiler-operating day periods for different units may be different); step four, sum together the total heat input from the group of coal-fired units over each unit's most recent thirty (30) boiler-operating day period; and step five, divide the total pounds of NOX emitted from step three by the total heat input from step four for each group of coal-fired units, to calculate the 30-day rolling average NOX emission rate for each group of coal-fired units, in pounds of NOX per MMBtu, for each calendar day. Each 30-day rolling average NOX emission rate shall include all emissions and all heat input that occur during all periods within any boiler-operating day, including emissions from startup, shutdown, and malfunction.
(A) The 30-day rolling average NOX emission rate for each group of coal-fired units shall be calculated for each calendar day, even if a unit is not in operation on that calendar day, in accordance with the following procedure: step one, for each unit, sum the hourly pounds of NOX emitted during the current boiler-operating day (or most recent boiler-operating day if the unit is not in operation), and the preceding twenty-nine (29) boiler-operating days, to calculate the total pounds of NOX emitted over the most recent thirty (30) boiler-operating day period for each coal-fired unit; step two, for each unit, sum the hourly heat input, in MMBtu, during the current boiler-operating day (or most recent boiler-operating day if the unit is not in operation), and the preceding twenty-nine (29) boiler-operating days, to calculate the total heat input, in MMBtu, over the most recent thirty (30) boiler-operating day period for each coal-fired unit; step 3, sum together the total pounds of NOX emitted from the group of coal-fired units over each unit's most recent thirty (30) boiler-operating day period (the most recent 30 boiler-operating day periods for different units may be different); step four, sum together the total heat input from the group of coal-fired units over each unit's most recent thirty (30) boiler-operating day period; and step five, divide the total pounds of NOX emitted from step three by the total heat input from step four for each group of coal-fired units, to calculate the 30-day rolling average NOX emission rate for each group of coal-fired units, in pounds of NOX per MMBtu, for each calendar day. Each 30-day rolling average NOX emission rate shall include all emissions and all heat input that occur during all periods within any boiler-operating day, including emissions from startup, shutdown, and malfunction.
(B) [Reserved]
(C) If a valid NOX pounds per hour or heat input is not available for any hour for a unit, that heat input and NOX pounds per hour shall not be used in the calculation of the 30-day rolling average.
(iii) Compliance determinations for SO2. (A) The 30-day rolling average SO2 emission rate for each coal-fired unit shall be calculated in accordance with the following procedure: Step one, sum the total pounds of SO2 emitted from the unit during the current boiler-operating day and the previous twenty-nine (29) boiler-operating days; step two, sum the total heat input to the unit in MMBtu during the current boiler-operating day and the previous twenty-nine (29) boiler-operating day; and step three, divide the total number of pounds of SO2 emitted during the thirty (30) boiler-operating days by the total heat input during the thirty (30) boiler-operating days. A new 30-day rolling average SO2 emission rate shall be calculated for each new boiler-operating day. Each 30-day rolling average SO2 emission rate shall include all emissions and all heat input that occur during all periods within any boiler-operating day, including emissions from startup, shutdown, and malfunction.
(A) The 30-day rolling average SO2 emission rate for each coal-fired unit shall be calculated in accordance with the following procedure: Step one, sum the total pounds of SO2 emitted from the unit during the current boiler-operating day and the previous twenty-nine (29) boiler-operating days; step two, sum the total heat input to the unit in MMBtu during the current boiler-operating day and the previous twenty-nine (29) boiler-operating day; and step three, divide the total number of pounds of SO2 emitted during the thirty (30) boiler-operating days by the total heat input during the thirty (30) boiler-operating days. A new 30-day rolling average SO2 emission rate shall be calculated for each new boiler-operating day. Each 30-day rolling average SO2 emission rate shall include all emissions and all heat input that occur during all periods within any boiler-operating day, including emissions from startup, shutdown, and malfunction.
(B) The 30-day rolling average SO2 removal efficiency for Cholla Units 2, 3, and 4 shall be calculated as follows: Step one, sum the total pounds of SO2 emitted as measured at the outlet of the FGD system for the unit during the current boiler-operating day and the previous twenty-nine (29) boiler-operating days as measured at the outlet of the FGD system for that unit; step two, sum the total pounds of SO2 delivered to the inlet of the FGD system for the unit during the current boiler-operating day and the previous twenty-nine (29) boiler-operating days as measured at the inlet to the FGD system for that unit (for each hour, the total pounds of SO2 delivered to the inlet of the FGD system for a unit shall be calculated by measuring the ratio of the lb/MMBtu SO2 inlet to the lb/MMBtu SO2 outlet and multiplying the outlet pounds of SO2 by that ratio); step three, subtract the outlet SO2 emissions calculated in step one from the inlet SO2 emissions calculated in step two; step four, divide the remainder calculated in step three by the inlet SO2 emissions calculated in step two; and step five, multiply the quotient calculated in step four by 100 to express as a percentage removal efficiency. A new 30-day rolling average SO2 removal efficiency shall be calculated for each new boiler-operating day, and shall include all emissions that occur during all periods within each boiler-operating day, including emissions from startup, shutdown, and malfunction.
(C) If a valid SO2 pounds per hour at the outlet of the FGD system or heat input is not available for any hour for a unit, that heat input and SO2 pounds per hour shall not be used in the calculation of the 30-day rolling average.
(D) If both a valid inlet and outlet SO2 lb/MMBtu and an outlet value of lb/hr of SO2 are not available for any hour, that hour shall not be included in the efficiency calculation.
(6) Compliance determinations for particulate matter. Compliance with the particulate matter emission limitation for each coal-fired unit shall be determined from annual performance stack tests. Within sixty (60) days of the compliance deadline specified in paragraph (f)(4) of this section, and on at least an annual basis thereafter, the owner/operator of each unit shall conduct a stack test on each unit to measure PM10 using EPA Method 5, in 40 CFR part 60, Appendix A, or Method 201A/202 in 40 CFR Part 51, Appendix M. A test protocol shall be submitted to EPA and ADEQ a minimum of 30 days prior to the scheduled testing. The protocol shall identify which method(s) will be used to demonstrate compliance. Each test shall consist of three runs, with each run at least 120 minutes in duration and each run collecting a minimum sample of 60 dry standard cubic feet. Results shall be reported in lb/MMBtu using the calculation in 40 CFR Part 60 Appendix A Method 19. In addition to annual stack tests, the owner/operator shall monitor particulate emissions for compliance with the emission limitations in accordance with the applicable Compliance Assurance Monitoring (CAM) plan developed and approved in accordance with 40 CFR Part 64. The averaging time for any other demonstration of the PM10 compliance or exceedance shall be based on a 6-hour average.
(7) Recordkeeping. The owner or operator of each unit shall maintain the following records for at least five (5) years:
(i) All CEMS data, including the date, place, and time of sampling or measurement; parameters sampled or measured; and results.
(ii) Daily 30-day rolling emission rates for NOX and SO2 and SO2 removal efficiency, when applicable, for each unit, calculated in accordance with paragraph (f)(5) of this section.
(iii) Records of quality assurance and quality control activities for emissions measuring systems including, but not limited to, any records required by 40 CFR Part 75.
(iv) Records of the relative accuracy test for hourly NOX and SO2 lb/hr measurement and hourly heat input measurement.
(v) Records of all major maintenance activities conducted on emission units, air pollution control equipment, and CEMS.
(vi) Any other records required by 40 CFR Part 75.
(8) Reporting. All reports and notifications under this paragraph (f) shall be submitted to the Director of Enforcement Division, U.S. EPA Region IX, at 75 Hawthorne Street, San Francisco, CA 94105.
(i) The owner/operator shall notify EPA within two weeks after completion of installation of combustion controls or Selective Catalytic Reactors on any of the units subject to this section.
(ii) Within 30 days after the applicable compliance date(s) in paragraph (f)(4) of this section and within 30 days of every second calendar quarter thereafter (i.e., semi-annually), the owner/operator of each unit shall submit a report that lists the daily 30-day rolling emission rates for NOX and SO2 for each unit and, for Cholla Units 2, 3, and 4, the SO2 removal efficiency, calculated in accordance with paragraph (f)(5) of this section. Included in this report shall be the results of any relative accuracy test audit performed during the two preceding calendar quarters.
(9) Enforcement. Notwithstanding any other provision in this implementation plan, any credible evidence or information relevant as to whether the unit would have been in compliance with applicable requirements if the appropriate performance or compliance test had been performed, can be used to establish whether or not the owner or operator has violated or is in violation of any standard or applicable emission limit in the plan.
(10) Equipment operations. At all times, including periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction, the owner or operator shall, to the extent practicable, maintain and operate the unit including associated air pollution control equipment in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions. Pollution control equipment shall be designed and capable of operating properly to minimize emissions during all expected operating conditions. Determination of whether acceptable operating and maintenance procedures are being used will be based on information available to the Regional Administrator which may include, but is not limited to, monitoring results, review of operating and maintenance procedures, and inspection of the unit.
(11) Affirmative defense for malfunctions. The following regulations are incorporated by reference and made part of this federal implementation plan:
(i) R-18-2-101, paragraph 65;
(ii) R18-2-310, sections (A), (B), (D) and (E) only; and
(iii) R18-2-310.01.
(g) On May 3, 2013, the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ) submitted the ``Arizona State Implementation Plan Revision, Regional Haze Under Section 308 of the Federal Regional Haze Rule'' (``Arizona Regional Haze SIP Supplement'').
(1) The following portions of the Arizona Regional Haze SIP Supplement are disapproved because they do not meet the applicable requirements of Clean Air Act sections 169A and 169B and the Regional Haze Rule in 40 CFR 51.301 through 51.308:
(i) The determination that the Chemical Lime Company's Nelson Lime Plant is not subject-to-BART;
(ii) The determination that the Freeport McMoRan Miami Inc (FMMI) Smelter is not subject to BART for NOX;
(iii) The determination that existing controls constitute BART for SO2 at the Freeport McMoRan Miami Inc (FMMI) Smelter;
(iv) The determination that the ASARCO Hayden smelter is not subject to BART for NOX and PM10;
(v) The determination that existing controls constitute BART for SO2 at ASARCO Hayden Smelter;
(vi) The reasonable progress goals for the first planning period;
(vii) The determination that no additional controls for point sources of NOX are reasonable for the first planning period; and
(viii) The determination that no additional controls for area sources of NOX and SO2 are reasonable for the first planning period.
(2) [Reserved]
(h) Disapproval. The following portions of the Arizona SIP are disapproved because they do not meet the applicable requirements of Clean Air Act sections 169A and 169B and the Regional Haze Rule at 40 CFR 51.309:
(1) Regional Haze State Implementation Plan for the State of Arizona (``Arizona 309 Regional Haze SIP'') submitted by the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality on December 23, 2003, with the exception of Chapter 5 (Strategy to Address Reasonably Attributable Visibility Impairment (RAVI)) and Appendix A-5 (Attributable Impairment).
(2) The Arizona Regional Haze State Implementation Plan Revision submitted by the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality on December 31, 2004, with the exception of the provisions already approved at 40 CFR 52.120(c)(131).
(3) Letter from Stephen A. Owens, Director, Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, dated December 24, 2008 re: Submittal of Arizona Regional Haze State Implementation Plan.
(i) Source-specific federal implementation plan for regional haze at Nelson Lime Plant-- (1) Applicability. This paragraph (i) applies to the owner/operator of the lime kilns designated as Kiln 1 and Kiln 2 at the Nelson Lime Plant located in Yavapai County, Arizona.
(1) Applicability. This paragraph (i) applies to the owner/operator of the lime kilns designated as Kiln 1 and Kiln 2 at the Nelson Lime Plant located in Yavapai County, Arizona.
(2) Definitions. Terms not defined in this paragraph (i)(2) shall have the meaning given them in the Clean Air Act or EPA's regulations implementing the Clean Air Act. For purposes of this paragraph (i):
Ammonia injection shall include any of the following: Anhydrous ammonia, aqueous ammonia, or urea injection.
Continuous emission monitoring system or CEMS means the equipment required by this section to sample, analyze, measure, and provide, by means of readings recorded at least once every 15 minutes (using an automated data acquisition and handling system (DAHS)), a permanent record of NOX emissions, SO2 emissions, diluent, and stack gas volumetric flow rate.
Kiln means either of the kilns identified in paragraph (i)(1) of this section.
Kiln 1 means lime kiln 1, as identified in paragraph (i)(1) of this section.
Kiln 2 means lime kiln 2, as identified in paragraph (i)(1) of this section.
Kiln operating day means a 24-hour period between 12 midnight and the following midnight during which there is operation of Kiln 1, Kiln 2, or both kilns at any time.
Kiln operation means any period when any raw materials are fed into the Kiln or any period when any combustion is occurring or fuel is being fired in the Kiln.
Lime product means the product of the lime-kiln calcination process, including calcitic lime, dolomitic lime, and dead-burned dolomite.
NOX means oxides of nitrogen.
Owner/operator means any person who owns or who operates, controls, or supervises a kiln identified in paragraph (i)(1) of this section.
SO2 means sulfur dioxide.
(3) Emission limitations. (i) The owner/operator of the kilns identified in paragraph (i)(1) of this section shall not emit or cause to be emitted pollutants in excess of the following limitations in pounds of pollutant per ton of lime product (lb/ton), from any kiln. Each emission limit shall be based on a 12-month rolling basis.
Pollutant Emission Limit------------------------------------------------------------------------
Kiln ID NOX SO2------------------------------------------------------------------------Kiln 1.................................. 3.80 9.32Kiln 2.................................. 2.61 9.73------------------------------------------------------------------------
(ii) The owner/operator of the kilns identified in paragraph (i)(1) of this section shall not emit or cause to be emitted pollutants in excess of 3.27 tons of NOX per day and 10.10 tons of SO2 per day, combined from both kilns, based on a rolling 30-kiln-operating-day basis.
(4) Compliance dates. (i) The owner/operator of each kiln shall comply with the NOX emission limitations and other NOX -related requirements of this paragraph (i) no later than September 4, 2017.
(i) The owner/operator of each kiln shall comply with the NOX emission limitations and other NOX -related requirements of this paragraph (i) no later than September 4, 2017.
(ii) The owner/operator of each kiln shall comply with the SO2 emission limitations and other SO2 -related requirements of this paragraph (i) no later than March 3, 2016.
(5) [Reserved]
(6) Compliance determination--(i) Continuous emission monitoring system. At all times after the compliance dates specified in paragraph (i)(4) of this section, the owner/operator of kilns 1 and 2 shall maintain, calibrate, and operate a CEMS, in full compliance with the requirements found at 40 CFR 60.13 and 40 CFR part 60, appendices B and F, to accurately measure diluent, stack gas volumetric flow rate, and concentration by volume of NOX and SO2 emissions into the atmosphere from kilns 1 and 2. The CEMS shall be used by the owner/operator to determine compliance with the emission limitations in paragraph (i)(3) of this section, in combination with data on actual lime production. The owner/operator must operate the monitoring system and collect data at all required intervals at all times that an affected kiln is operating, except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments).
(i) Continuous emission monitoring system. At all times after the compliance dates specified in paragraph (i)(4) of this section, the owner/operator of kilns 1 and 2 shall maintain, calibrate, and operate a CEMS, in full compliance with the requirements found at 40 CFR 60.13 and 40 CFR part 60, appendices B and F, to accurately measure diluent, stack gas volumetric flow rate, and concentration by volume of NOX and SO2 emissions into the atmosphere from kilns 1 and 2. The CEMS shall be used by the owner/operator to determine compliance with the emission limitations in paragraph (i)(3) of this section, in combination with data on actual lime production. The owner/operator must operate the monitoring system and collect data at all required intervals at all times that an affected kiln is operating, except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments).
(ii) Ammonia consumption monitoring. Upon and after the completion of installation of ammonia injection on a kiln, the owner or operator shall install, and thereafter maintain and operate, instrumentation to continuously monitor and record levels of ammonia consumption for that kiln.
(iii) Compliance determination for lb per ton NOX limit. Compliance with the NOX emission limits described in paragraph (i)(3)(i) of this section shall be determined based on a rolling 12-month basis. The 12-month rolling NOX emission rate for each kiln shall be calculated within 30 days following the end of each calendar month in accordance with the following procedure: Step one, sum the hourly pounds of NOX emitted for the month just completed and the eleven (11) months preceding the month just completed to calculate the total pounds of NOX emitted over the most recent twelve (12) month period for that kiln; Step two, sum the total lime product, in tons, produced during the month just completed and the eleven (11) months preceding the month just completed to calculate the total lime product produced over the most recent twelve (12) month period for that kiln; Step three, divide the total amount of NOX calculated from Step one by the total lime product calculated from Step two to calculate the 12-month rolling NOX emission rate for that kiln. Each 12-month rolling NOX emission rate shall include all emissions and all lime product that occur during all periods within the 12-month period, including emissions from startup, shutdown, and malfunction.
(iv) Compliance determination for lb per ton SO2 limit. Compliance with the SO2 emission limits described in paragraph (i)(3)(i) of this section shall be determined based on a rolling 12-month basis. The 12-month rolling SO2 emission rate for each kiln shall be calculated within 30 days following the end of each calendar month in accordance with the following procedure: Step one, sum the hourly pounds of SO2 emitted for the month just completed and the eleven (11) months preceding the month just completed to calculate the total pounds of SO2 emitted over the most recent twelve (12) month period for that kiln; Step two, sum the total lime product, in tons, produced during the month just completed and the eleven (11) months preceding the month just completed to calculate the total lime product produced over the most recent twelve (12) month period for that kiln; Step three, divide the total amount of SO2 calculated from Step one by the total lime product calculated from Step two to calculate the 12-month rolling SO2 emission rate for that kiln. Each 12-month rolling SO2 emission rate shall include all emissions and all lime product that occur during all periods within the 12-month period, including emissions from startup, shutdown, and malfunction.
(v) Compliance determination for ton per day NOX limit. Compliance with the NOX emission limit described in paragraph (i)(3)(ii) of this section shall be determined based on a rolling 30-kiln-operating-day basis. The rolling 30-kiln operating day NOX emission rate for the kilns shall be calculated for each kiln operating day in accordance with the following procedure: Step one, sum the hourly pounds of NOX emitted from both kilns for the current kiln operating day and the preceding twenty-nine (29) kiln-operating-day period for both kilns; Step two, divide the total pounds of NOX calculated from Step one by two thousand (2,000) to calculate the total tons of NOX; Step three, divide the total tons of NOX calculated from Step two by thirty (30) to calculate the rolling 30-kiln operating day NOX emission rate for both kilns. Each rolling 30-kiln operating day NOX emission rate shall include all emissions that occur from both kilns during all periods within any kiln operating day, including emissions from startup, shutdown, and malfunction.
(vi) Compliance determination for ton per day SO2 limit. Compliance with the SO2 emission limit described in paragraph (i)(3)(ii) of this section shall be determined based on a rolling 30-kiln-operating-day basis. The rolling 30-kiln operating day SO2 emission rate for the kilns shall be calculated for each kiln operating day in accordance with the following procedure: Step one, sum the hourly pounds of SO2 emitted from both kilns for the current kiln operating day and the preceding twenty-nine (29) kiln operating days, to calculate the total pounds of SO2 emitted over the most recent thirty (30) kiln operating day period for both kilns; Step two, divide the total pounds of SO2 calculated from Step one by two thousand (2,000) to calculate the total tons of SO2; Step three, divide the total tons of SO2 calculated from Step two by thirty (30) to calculate the rolling 30-kiln operating day SO2 emission rate for both kilns. Each rolling 30-kiln operating day SO2 emission rate shall include all emissions that occur from both kilns during all periods within any kiln operating day, including emissions from startup, shutdown, and malfunction.
(7) Recordkeeping. The owner/operator shall maintain the following records for at least five years:
(i) All CEMS data, including the date, place, and time of sampling or measurement; parameters sampled or measured; and results.
(ii) All records of lime production.
(iii) Monthly rolling 12-month emission rates of NOX and SO2, calculated in accordance with paragraphs (i)(6)(iii) and (iv) of this section.
(iv) Daily rolling 30-kiln operating day emission rates of NOX and SO2 calculated in accordance with paragraphs (i)(6)(v) and (vi) of this section.
(v) Records of quality assurance and quality control activities for emissions measuring systems including, but not limited to, any records specified by 40 CFR part 60, appendix F, Procedure 1, as well as the following:
(A) The occurrence and duration of any startup, shutdown, or malfunction, performance testing, evaluations, calibrations, checks, adjustments maintenance, duration of any periods during which a CEMS or COMS is inoperative, and corresponding emission measurements.
(B) Date, place, and time of measurement or monitoring equipment maintenance activity;
(C) Operating conditions at the time of measurement or monitoring equipment maintenance activity;
(D) Date, place, name of company or entity that performed the measurement or monitoring equipment maintenance activity and the methods used; and
(E) Results of the measurement or monitoring equipment maintenance.
(vi) Records of ammonia consumption, as recorded by the instrumentation required in paragraph (i)(6)(ii) of this section.
(vii) Records of all major maintenance activities conducted on emission units, air pollution control equipment, CEMS, and lime production measurement devices.
(viii) All other records specified by 40 CFR part 60, appendix F, Procedure 1.
(8) Reporting. All reports required under this section shall be submitted by the owner/operator to the Director, Enforcement Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 9, electronically via email to aeo--r9@epa.gov. Any data that are required under this section shall be submitted in Excel format. Reports required under paragraphs (i)(8)(iii) through (v) of this section shall be submitted within 30 days after the applicable compliance date(s) in paragraph (i)(4) of this section and at least semiannually thereafter, within 30 days after the end of a semiannual period. The owner/operator may submit reports more frequently than semiannually for the purposes of synchronizing reports required under this section with other reporting requirements, such as the title V monitoring report required by 40 CFR 70.6(a)(3)(iii)(A), but at no point shall the duration of a semiannual period exceed six months.
(i) Prior to commencing construction of the ammonia injection system, the owner/operator shall submit to EPA a summary report of the design of the SNCR system. Elements of this summary report shall include: Reagent type, description of the locations selected for reagent injection, reagent injection rate (expressed as a molar ratio of reagent to NOX), equipment list, equipment arrangement, and a summary of kiln characteristics that were relied upon as the design basis for the SNCR system.
(ii) By October 3, 2017, the owner/operator shall submit to EPA a summary of any process improvement or debugging activities that were performed on the SNCR system. Elements of this summary report shall include: a description of each process adjustment performed on the SNCR system, a discussion of whether the adjustment affected NOX emission rate (including CEMS data that may have been recorded while the adjustment was in progress), a description of the range (if applicable) over which the adjustment was examined, and a discussion of how the adjustment will be reflected or accounted for in kiln operating practices. In addition, to the extent that the owner/operator evaluates the impact of varying reagent injection rate on NOX emissions, the owner/operator shall include the following information: the range of reagent injection rates evaluated (expressed as a molar ratio of reagent to average NOX concentration), reagent injection rate, average NOX concentration, lime production rate, kiln flue gas temperature, and the presence of any detached plumes from the kiln exhaust.
(iii) The owner/operator shall submit a report that lists the daily rolling 30-kiln operating day emission rates for NOX and SO2, calculated in accordance with paragraphs (i)(6)(iii) and (iv) of this section.
(iv) The owner/operator shall submit a report that lists the monthly rolling 12-month emission rates for NOX and SO2, calculated in accordance with paragraphs (i)(6)(v) and (vi) of this section.
(v) The owner/operator shall submit excess emissions reports for NOX and SO2 limits. Excess emissions means emissions that exceed any of the emissions limits specified in paragraph (i)(3) of this section. The reports shall include the magnitude, date(s), and duration of each period of excess emissions; specific identification of each period of excess emissions that occurs during startups, shutdowns, and malfunctions of the kiln; the nature and cause of any malfunction (if known); and the corrective action taken or preventative measures adopted.
(vi) The owner/operator shall submit a summary of CEMS operation, to include dates and duration of each period during which the CEMS was inoperative (except for zero and span adjustments and calibration checks), reason(s) why the CEMS was inoperative and steps taken to prevent recurrence, and any CEMS repairs or adjustments.
(vii) The owner/operator shall submit results of all CEMS performance tests required by 40 CFR part 60, Appendix F, Procedure 1 (Relative Accuracy Test Audits, Relative Accuracy Audits, and Cylinder Gas Audits).
(viiii) When no excess emissions have occurred or the CEMS has not been inoperative, repaired, or adjusted during the reporting period, the owner/operator shall state such information in the semiannual report.
(9) Notifications. All notifications required under this section shall be submitted by the owner/operator to the Director, Enforcement Division (Mail Code ENF-2-1), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 9, 75 Hawthorne Street, San Francisco, California 94105-3901.
(i) The owner/operator shall submit notification of commencement of construction of any equipment which is being constructed to comply with the NOX emission limits in paragraph (i)(3) of this section.
(ii) The owner/operator shall submit semiannual progress reports on construction of any such equipment.
(iii) The owner/operator shall submit notification of initial startup of any such equipment.
(10) Equipment operations. (i) At all times, including periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction, the owner/operator shall, to the extent practicable, maintain and operate the kilns, including associated air pollution control equipment, in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions. Pollution control equipment shall be designed and capable of operating properly to minimize emissions during all expected operating conditions. Determination of whether acceptable operating and maintenance procedures are being used will be based on information available to the Regional Administrator, which may include, but is not limited to, monitoring results, review of operating and maintenance procedures, and inspection of the kilns.
(i) At all times, including periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction, the owner/operator shall, to the extent practicable, maintain and operate the kilns, including associated air pollution control equipment, in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions. Pollution control equipment shall be designed and capable of operating properly to minimize emissions during all expected operating conditions. Determination of whether acceptable operating and maintenance procedures are being used will be based on information available to the Regional Administrator, which may include, but is not limited to, monitoring results, review of operating and maintenance procedures, and inspection of the kilns.
(ii) After completion of installation of ammonia injection on a kiln, the owner/operator shall inject sufficient ammonia to achieve compliance with the NOX emission limits from paragraph (i)(3) of this section for that kiln while preventing excessive ammonia emissions.
(11) Enforcement. Notwithstanding any other provision in this implementation plan, any credible evidence or information relevant as to whether the kiln would have been in compliance with applicable requirements if the appropriate performance or compliance test had been performed can be used to establish whether or not the owner/operator has violated or is in violation of any standard or applicable emission limit in the plan.
(j) Source-specific federal implementation plan for regional haze at H. Wilson Sundt Generating Station--(1) Applicability. This paragraph (j) applies to the owner/operator of the electricity generating unit (EGU) designated as Unit I4 at the H. Wilson Sundt Generating Station located in Tucson, Pima County, Arizona.
(1) Applicability. This paragraph (j) applies to the owner/operator of the electricity generating unit (EGU) designated as Unit I4 at the H. Wilson Sundt Generating Station located in Tucson, Pima County, Arizona.
(2) Definitions. Terms not defined in this paragraph (j)(2) shall have the meaning given them in the Clean Air Act or EPA's regulations implementing the Clean Air Act. For purposes of this paragraph (j):
Ammonia injection shall include any of the following: Anhydrous ammonia, aqueous ammonia, or urea injection.
Boiler operating day means a 24-hour period between 12 midnight and the following midnight during which any fuel is combusted at any time in the unit.
Continuous emission monitoring system or CEMS means the equipment required by 40 CFR part 75 and this paragraph (j).
MMBtu means one million British thermal units.
Natural gas means a naturally occurring fluid mixture of hydrocarbons as defined in 40 CFR 72.2.
NOX means oxides of nitrogen.
Owner/operator means any person who owns or who operates, controls, or supervises the EGU identified in paragraph (j)(1) of this section.PM means total filterable particulate matter.
PM10 means total particulate matter less than 10 microns in diameter.
SO2 means sulfur dioxide.
Unit means the EGU identified paragraph (j)(1) of this section.
(3) Emission limitations. The owner/operator of the unit shall not emit or cause to be emitted pollutants in excess of the following limitations, in pounds of pollutant per million British thermal units (lb/MMBtu), from the subject unit. ------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pollutant
Pollutant emission limit------------------------------------------------------------------------NOX..................................................... 0.36PM...................................................... 0.030SO2..................................................... 0.23------------------------------------------------------------------------
(4) Alternative emission limitations. The owner/operator of the unit may choose to comply with the following limitations in lieu of the emission limitations listed in paragraph (j)(3) of this section.
(i) The owner/operator of the unit shall combust only natural gas or natural gas combined with landfill gas in the subject unit.
(ii) The owner/operator of the unit shall not emit or cause to be emitted pollutants in excess of the following limitations, in pounds of pollutant per million British thermal units (lb/MMBtu), from the subject unit. ------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pollutant
Pollutant emission limit------------------------------------------------------------------------NOX..................................................... 0.25PM10.................................................... 0.010SO2..................................................... 0.057------------------------------------------------------------------------
(iii) If the results of the initial performance test conducted in accordance with paragraph (j)(8)(iv) of this section show PM10 emissions greater than the limit in paragraph (j)(4)(ii) of this section, the owner/operator may elect to comply with an emission limit equal to the result of the initial performance test, in lieu of the PM10 emission limit in paragraph (j)(4)(ii).
(5) Compliance dates. (i) The owner/operator of the unit subject to this paragraph (j)(5) shall comply with the NOX and SO2 emission limitations of paragraph (j)(3) of this section no later than September 4, 2017.
(i) The owner/operator of the unit subject to this paragraph (j)(5) shall comply with the NOX and SO2 emission limitations of paragraph (j)(3) of this section no later than September 4, 2017.
(ii) The owner/operator of the unit subject to this paragraph (j)(5) shall comply with the PM emission limitation of paragraph (j)(3) of this section no later than April 16, 2015.
(6) Alternative compliance dates. If the owner/operator chooses to comply with paragraph (j)(4) of this section in lieu of paragraph (j)(3) of this section, the owner/operator of the unit shall comply with the NOX, SO2, and PM10 emission limitations of paragraph (j)(4) of this section no later than December 31, 2017.
(7) Compliance determination--(i) Continuous emission monitoring system. (A) At all times after the compliance date specified in paragraph (j)(5)(i) of this section, the owner/operator of the unit shall maintain, calibrate, and operate CEMS, in full compliance with the requirements found at 40 CFR part 75, to accurately measure SO2, NOX, diluent, and stack gas volumetric flow rate from the unit. All valid CEMS hourly data shall be used to determine compliance with the emission limitations for NOX and SO2 in paragraph (j)(3) of this section. When the CEMS is out-of-control as defined by 40 CFR part 75, the CEMS data shall be treated as missing data and not used to calculate the emission average. Each required CEMS must obtain valid data for at least 90 percent of the unit operating hours, on an annual basis.
(i) Continuous emission monitoring system. (A) At all times after the compliance date specified in paragraph (j)(5)(i) of this section, the owner/operator of the unit shall maintain, calibrate, and operate CEMS, in full compliance with the requirements found at 40 CFR part 75, to accurately measure SO2, NOX, diluent, and stack gas volumetric flow rate from the unit. All valid CEMS hourly data shall be used to determine compliance with the emission limitations for NOX and SO2 in paragraph (j)(3) of this section. When the CEMS is out-of-control as defined by 40 CFR part 75, the CEMS data shall be treated as missing data and not used to calculate the emission average. Each required CEMS must obtain valid data for at least 90 percent of the unit operating hours, on an annual basis.
(A) At all times after the compliance date specified in paragraph (j)(5)(i) of this section, the owner/operator of the unit shall maintain, calibrate, and operate CEMS, in full compliance with the requirements found at 40 CFR part 75, to accurately measure SO2, NOX, diluent, and stack gas volumetric flow rate from the unit. All valid CEMS hourly data shall be used to determine compliance with the emission limitations for NOX and SO2 in paragraph (j)(3) of this section. When the CEMS is out-of-control as defined by 40 CFR part 75, the CEMS data shall be treated as missing data and not used to calculate the emission average. Each required CEMS must obtain valid data for at least 90 percent of the unit operating hours, on an annual basis.
(B) The owner/operator of the unit shall comply with the quality assurance procedures for CEMS found in 40 CFR part 75. In addition to the requirements in part 75 of this chapter, relative accuracy test audits shall be calculated for both the NOX and SO2 pounds per hour measurement and the heat input measurement. The CEMS monitoring data shall not be bias adjusted. Calculations of relative accuracy for lb/hour of NOX, SO2, and heat input shall be performed each time the CEMS undergo relative accuracy testing.
(ii) Ammonia consumption monitoring. Upon and after the completion of installation of ammonia injection on the unit, the owner/operator shall install, and thereafter maintain and operate, instrumentation to continuously monitor and record levels of ammonia consumption for that unit.
(iii) Compliance determination for NOX. Compliance with the NOX emission limit described in paragraph (j)(3) of this section shall be determined based on a rolling 30 boiler-operating-day basis. The 30-boiler-operating-day rolling NOX emission rate for the unit shall be calculated for each boiler operating day in accordance with the following procedure: Step one, sum the hourly pounds of NOX emitted for the current boiler operating day and the preceding twenty-nine (29) boiler operating days to calculate the total pounds of NOX emitted over the most recent thirty (30) boiler-operating-day period for that unit; Step two, sum the total heat input, in MMBtu, during the current boiler operating day and the preceding twenty-nine (29) boiler operating days to calculate the total heat input over the most recent thirty (30) boiler-operating-day period for that unit; Step three, divide the total amount of NOX calculated from Step one by the total heat input calculated from Step two to calculate the rolling 30-boiler-operating-day NOX emission rate, in pounds per MMBtu for that unit. Each rolling 30-boiler-operating- day NOX emission rate shall include all emissions and all heat input that occur during all periods within any boiler operating day, including emissions from startup, shutdown, and malfunction. If a valid NOX pounds per hour or heat input is not available for any hour for the unit, that heat input and NOX pounds per hour shall not be used in the calculation of the rolling 30-boiler-operating-day emission rate.
(iv) Compliance determination for SO2. Compliance with the SO2 emission limit described in paragraph (j)(3) of this section shall be determined based on a rolling 30 boiler-operating-day basis. The rolling 30-boiler-operating-day SO2 emission rate for the unit shall be calculated for each boiler operating day in accordance with the following procedure: Step one, sum the hourly pounds of SO2 emitted for the current boiler operating day and the preceding twenty-nine (29) boiler operating days to calculate the total pounds of SO2 emitted over the most recent thirty (30) boiler-operating-day period for that unit; Step two, sum the total heat input, in MMBtu, during the current boiler operating day and the preceding twenty-nine (29) boiler operating days to calculate the total heat input over the most recent thirty (30) boiler-operating-day period for that unit; Step three, divide the total amount of SO2 calculated from Step one by the total heat input calculated from Step two to calculate the rolling 30-boiler-operating-day SO2 emission rate, in pounds per MMBtu for that unit. Each rolling 30-boiler-operating-day SO2 emission rate shall include all emissions and all heat input that occur during all periods within any boiler operating day, including emissions from startup, shutdown, and malfunction. If a valid SO2 pounds per hour or heat input is not available for any hour for the unit, that heat input and SO2 pounds per hour shall not be used in the calculation of the rolling 30-boiler-operating-day emission rate.
(v) Compliance determination for PM. Compliance with the PM emission limit described in paragraph (j)(3) of this section shall be determined from annual performance stack tests. Within sixty (60) days either preceding or following the compliance deadline specified in paragraph (j)(5)(ii) of this section, and on at least an annual basis thereafter, the owner/operator of the unit shall conduct a stack test on the unit to measure PM using EPA Methods 1 through 5, in 40 CFR part 60, appendix A. Each test shall consist of three runs, with each run at least one hundred twenty (120) minutes in duration and each run collecting a minimum sample of sixty (60) dry standard cubic feet. Results shall be reported in lb/MMBtu using the calculation in 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, Method 19.
(8) Alternative compliance determination. If the owner/operator chooses to comply with the emission limits of paragraph (j)(4) of this section, this paragraph (j)(8) may be used in lieu of paragraph (j)(7) of this section to demonstrate compliance with the emission limits in paragraph (j)(4) of this section.
(i) Continuous emission monitoring system. (A) At all times after the compliance date specified in paragraph (j)(6) of this section, the owner/operator of the unit shall maintain, calibrate, and operate CEMS, in full compliance with the requirements found at 40 CFR part 75, to accurately measure NOX, diluent, and stack gas volumetric flow rate from the unit. All valid CEMS hourly data shall be used to determine compliance with the emission limitation for NOX in paragraph (j)(4) of this section. When the CEMS is out-of-control as defined by 40 CFR part 75, the CEMS data shall be treated as missing data and not used to calculate the emission average. Each required CEMS must obtain valid data for at least ninety (90) percent of the unit operating hours, on an annual basis.
(A) At all times after the compliance date specified in paragraph (j)(6) of this section, the owner/operator of the unit shall maintain, calibrate, and operate CEMS, in full compliance with the requirements found at 40 CFR part 75, to accurately measure NOX, diluent, and stack gas volumetric flow rate from the unit. All valid CEMS hourly data shall be used to determine compliance with the emission limitation for NOX in paragraph (j)(4) of this section. When the CEMS is out-of-control as defined by 40 CFR part 75, the CEMS data shall be treated as missing data and not used to calculate the emission average. Each required CEMS must obtain valid data for at least ninety (90) percent of the unit operating hours, on an annual basis.
(B) The owner/operator of the unit shall comply with the quality assurance procedures for CEMS found in 40 CFR part 75. In addition to these part 75 requirements, relative accuracy test audits shall be calculated for both the NOX pounds per hour measurement and the heat input measurement. The CEMS monitoring data shall not be bias adjusted. Calculations of relative accuracy for lb/hr of NOX and heat input shall be performed each time the CEMS undergo relative accuracy testing.
(ii) Compliance determination for NOX. Compliance with the NOX emission limit described in paragraph (j)(4) of this section shall be determined based on a rolling 30 boiler-operating-day basis. The rolling 30-boiler-operating-day NOX emission rate for the unit shall be calculated for each boiler operating day in accordance with the following procedure: Step one, sum the hourly pounds of NOX emitted for the current boiler operating day and the preceding twenty-nine (29) boiler-operating-days to calculate the total pounds of NOX emitted over the most recent thirty (30) boiler-operating-day period for that unit; Step two, sum the total heat input, in MMBtu, during the current boiler operating day and the preceding twenty-nine (29) boiler-operating-days to calculate the total heat input over the most recent thirty (30) boiler-operating-day period for that unit; Step three, divide the total amount of NOX calculated from Step one by the total heat input calculated from Step two to calculate the rolling 30-boiler-operating-day NOX emission rate, in pounds per MMBtu for that unit. Each rolling 30-boiler-operating-day NOX emission rate shall include all emissions and all heat input that occur during all periods within any boiler operating day, including emissions from startup, shutdown, and malfunction. If a valid NOX pounds per hour or heat input is not available for any hour for the unit, that heat input and NOX pounds per hour shall not be used in the calculation of the rolling 30-boiler-operating-day emission rate.
(iii) Compliance determination for SO2. Compliance with the SO2 emission limit for the unit shall be determined from fuel sulfur documentation demonstrating the use of either natural gas or natural gas combined with landfill gas.
(iv) Compliance determination for PM10. Compliance with the PM10 emission limit for the unit shall be determined from performance stack tests. Within sixty (60) days following the compliance deadline specified in paragraph (j)(6) of this section, and at the request of the Regional Administrator thereafter, the owner/operator of the unit shall conduct a stack test on the unit to measure PM10 using EPA Methods 1 through 4, 201A, and Method 202, per 40 CFR part 51, appendix M. Each test shall consist of three runs, with each run at least one hundred twenty (120) minutes in duration and each run collecting a minimum sample of sixty (60) dry standard cubic feet. Results shall be reported in lb/MMBtu using the calculation in 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, Method 19.
(9) Recordkeeping. The owner/operator shall maintain the following records for at least five years:
(i) CEMS data measuring NOX in lb/hr, SO2 in lb/hr, and heat input rate per hour.
(ii) Daily rolling 30-boiler operating day emission rates of NOX and SO2 calculated in accordance with paragraphs (j)(7)(iii) and (iv) of this section.
(iii) Records of the relative accuracy test for NOX lb/hr and SO2 lb/hr measurement, and hourly heat input measurement.
(iv) Records of quality assurance and quality control activities for emissions systems including, but not limited to, any records required by 40 CFR part 75.
(v) Records of all major maintenance activities conducted on emission units, air pollution control equipment, and CEMS.
(vi) Any other records required by 40 CFR part 75.
(vii) Records of ammonia consumption for the unit, as recorded by the instrumentation required in paragraph (j)(7)(ii) of this section.
(viii) All PM stack test results.
(10) Alternative recordkeeping requirements. If the owner/operator chooses to comply with the emission limits of paragraph (j)(4) of this section, the owner/operator shall maintain the records listed in this paragraph (j)(10) in lieu of the records contained in paragraph (j)(9) of this section. The owner/operator shall maintain the following records for at least five years:
(i) CEMS data measuring NOX in lb/hr and heat input rate per hour.
(ii) Daily rolling 30-boiler operating day emission rates of NOX calculated in accordance with paragraph (j)(8)(ii) of this section.
(iii) Records of the relative accuracy test for NOX lb/hr measurement and hourly heat input measurement.
(iv) Records of quality assurance and quality control activities for emissions systems including, but not limited to, any records required by 40 CFR part 75.
(v) Records of all major maintenance activities conducted on emission units, air pollution control equipment, and CEMS.
(vi) Any other records required by 40 CFR part 75.
(vii) Records sufficient to demonstrate that the fuel for the unit is natural gas or natural gas combined with landfill gas.
(viii) All PM10 stack test results.
(11) Notifications. All notifications required under this section shall be submitted by the owner/operator to the Director, Enforcement Division (Mail Code ENF-2-1), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 9, 75 Hawthorne Street, San Francisco, California 94105-3901.
(i) By March 31, 2017, the owner/operator shall submit notification by letter whether it will comply with the emission limits in paragraph (j)(3) of this section or whether it will comply with the emission limits in paragraph (j)(4) of this section. In the event that the owner/operator does not submit timely and proper notification by March 31, 2017, the owner/operator may not choose to comply with the alternative emission limits in paragraph (j)(4) of this section and shall comply with the emission limits in paragraph (j)(3) of this section.
(ii) The owner/operator shall submit notification of commencement of construction of any equipment which is being constructed to comply with either the NOX or SO2 emission limits in paragraph (j)(3) of this section.
(iii) The owner/operator shall submit semiannual progress reports on construction of any such equipment.
(iv) The owner/operator shall submit notification of initial startup of any such equipment.
(v) The owner/operator shall submit notification of its intent to comply with the PM10 emission limit in paragraph (j)(4)(iii) of this section within one hundred twenty (120) days following the compliance deadline specified in paragraph (j)(6) of this section. The notification shall include results of the initial performance test and the resulting applicable emission limit.
(12) Reporting. All reports required under this section shall be submitted by the owner/operator to the Director, Enforcement Division (Mail Code ENF-2-1), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 9, 75 Hawthorne Street, San Francisco, California 94105-3901. All reports required under this section shall be submitted within 30 days after the applicable compliance date(s) in paragraph (j)(5) of this section and at least semiannually thereafter, within 30 days after the end of a semiannual period. The owner/operator may submit reports more frequently than semiannually for the purposes of synchronizing reports required under this section with other reporting requirements, such as the title V monitoring report required by 40 CFR 70.6(a)(3)(iii)(A), but at no point shall the duration of a semiannual period exceed six months.
(i) The owner/operator shall submit a report that lists the daily rolling 30-boiler operating day emission rates for NOX and SO2.
(ii) The owner/operator shall submit excess emission reports for NOX and SO2 limits. Excess emissions means emissions that exceed the emission limits specified in paragraph (j)(3) of this section. Excess emission reports shall include the magnitude, date(s), and duration of each period of excess emissions; specific identification of each period of excess emissions that occurs during startups, shutdowns, and malfunctions of the unit; the nature and cause of any malfunction (if known); and the corrective action taken or preventative measures adopted.
(iii) The owner/operator shall submit a summary of CEMS operation, to include dates and duration of each period during which the CEMS was inoperative (except for zero and span adjustments and calibration checks), reason(s) why the CEMS was inoperative and steps taken to prevent recurrence, and any CEMS repairs or adjustments.
(iv) The owner/operator shall submit the results of any relative accuracy test audits performed during the two preceding calendar quarters.
(v) When no excess emissions have occurred or the CEMS has not been inoperative, repaired, or adjusted during the reporting period, the owner/operator shall state such information in the semiannual report.
(vi) The owner/operator shall submit results of any PM stack tests conducted for demonstrating compliance with the PM limit specified in paragraph (j)(3) of this section.
(13) Alternative reporting requirements. If the owner/operator chooses to comply with the emission limits of paragraph (j)(4) of this section, the owner/operator shall submit the reports listed in this paragraph (j)(13) in lieu of the reports contained in paragraph (j)(12) of this section. All reports required under this paragraph (j)(13) shall be submitted by the owner/operator to the Director, Enforcement Division (Mail Code ENF-2-1), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 9, 75 Hawthorne Street, San Francisco, California 94105-3901. All reports required under this paragraph (j)(13) shall be submitted within 30 days after the applicable compliance date(s) in paragraph (j)(6) of this section and at least semiannually thereafter, within 30 days after the end of a semiannual period. The owner/operator may submit reports more frequently than semiannually for the purposes of synchronizing reports required under this section with other reporting requirements, such as the title V monitoring report required by 40 CFR 70.6(a)(3)(iii)(A), but at no point shall the duration of a semiannual period exceed six months.
(i) The owner/operator shall submit a report that lists the daily rolling 30-boiler operating day emission rates for NOX.
(ii) The owner/operator shall submit excess emissions reports for NOX limits. Excess emissions means emissions that exceed the emission limit specified in paragraph (j)(4) of this section. The reports shall include the magnitude, date(s), and duration of each period of excess emissions; specific identification of each period of excess emissions that occurs during startups, shutdowns, and malfunctions of the unit; the nature and cause of any malfunction (if known); and the corrective action taken or preventative measures adopted.
(iii) The owner/operator shall submit CEMS performance reports, to include dates and duration of each period during which the CEMS was inoperative (except for zero and span adjustments and calibration checks), reason(s) why the CEMS was inoperative and steps taken to prevent recurrence, and any CEMS repairs or adjustments.
(iv) The owner/operator shall submit the results of any relative accuracy test audits performed during the two preceding calendar quarters.
(v) When no excess emissions have occurred or the CEMS has not been inoperative, repaired, or adjusted during the reporting period, the owner/operator shall state such information in the semiannual report.
(vi) The owner/operator shall submit results of any PM10 stack tests conducted for demonstrating compliance with the PM10 limit specified in paragraph (j)(4) of this section.
(14) Equipment operations. (i) At all times, including periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction, the owner/operator shall, to the extent practicable, maintain and operate the unit, including associated air pollution control equipment, in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions. Pollution control equipment shall be designed and capable of operating properly to minimize emissions during all expected operating conditions. Determination of whether acceptable operating and maintenance procedures are being used will be based on information available to the Regional Administrator, which may include, but is not limited to, monitoring results, review of operating and maintenance procedures, and inspection of the unit.
(i) At all times, including periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction, the owner/operator shall, to the extent practicable, maintain and operate the unit, including associated air pollution control equipment, in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions. Pollution control equipment shall be designed and capable of operating properly to minimize emissions during all expected operating conditions. Determination of whether acceptable operating and maintenance procedures are being used will be based on information available to the Regional Administrator, which may include, but is not limited to, monitoring results, review of operating and maintenance procedures, and inspection of the unit.
(ii) After completion of installation of ammonia injection on a unit, the owner/operator shall inject sufficient ammonia to achieve compliance with the NOX emission limit contained in paragraph (j)(3) of this section for that unit while preventing excessive ammonia emissions.
(15) Enforcement. Notwithstanding any other provision in this implementation plan, any credible evidence or information relevant as to whether the unit would have been in compliance with applicable requirements if the appropriate performance or compliance test had been performed can be used to establish whether or not the owner/operator has violated or is in violation of any standard or applicable emission limit in the plan.
(k) Source-specific federal implementation plan for regional haze at Clarkdale Cement Plant and Rillito Cement Plant--(1) Applicability. This paragraph (k) applies to each owner/operator of the following cement kilns in the state of Arizona: Kiln 4 located at the cement plant in Clarkdale, Arizona, and kiln 4 located at the cement plant in Rillito, Arizona.
(1) Applicability. This paragraph (k) applies to each owner/operator of the following cement kilns in the state of Arizona: Kiln 4 located at the cement plant in Clarkdale, Arizona, and kiln 4 located at the cement plant in Rillito, Arizona.
(2) Definitions. Terms not defined in this paragraph (k)(2) shall have the meaning given them in the Clean Air Act or EPA's regulations implementing the Clean Air Act. For purposes of this paragraph (k):
Ammonia injection shall include any of the following: Anhydrous ammonia, aqueous ammonia or urea injection.
Continuous emission monitoring system or CEMS means the equipment required by this section to sample, analyze, measure, and provide, by means of readings recorded at least once every 15 minutes (using an automated data acquisition and handling system (DAHS)), a permanent record of NOX emissions, diluent, or stack gas volumetric flow rate.
Kiln operating day means a 24-hour period between 12 midnight and the following midnight during which the kiln operates at any time.
Kiln operation means any period when any raw materials are fed into the kiln or any period when any combustion is occurring or fuel is being fired in the kiln.
NOX means nitrogen oxides.
Owner/operator means any person who owns or who operates, controls, or supervises a cement kiln identified in paragraph (k)(1) of this section.
Unit means a cement kiln identified in paragraph (k)(1) of this section.
(3) Emissions limitations. (i) The owner/operator of kiln 4 of the Clarkdale Plant, as identified in paragraph (k)(1) of this section, shall not emit or cause to be emitted from kiln 4 NOX in excess of 2.12 pounds of NOX per ton of clinker produced, based on a rolling 30-kiln operating day basis. In addition, if the owner/operator installs an ammonia injection system to comply with the limits specified in this paragraph (k)(3), the owner/operator shall also comply with the control technology demonstration requirements set forth in paragraph (k)(6) of this section.
(i) The owner/operator of kiln 4 of the Clarkdale Plant, as identified in paragraph (k)(1) of this section, shall not emit or cause to be emitted from kiln 4 NOX in excess of 2.12 pounds of NOX per ton of clinker produced, based on a rolling 30-kiln operating day basis. In addition, if the owner/operator installs an ammonia injection system to comply with the limits specified in this paragraph (k)(3), the owner/operator shall also comply with the control technology demonstration requirements set forth in paragraph (k)(6) of this section.
(ii) The owner/operator of kiln 4 of the Rillito Plant, as identified in paragraph (k)(1) of this section, shall not emit or cause to be emitted from kiln 4 NOX in excess of 3.46 pounds of NOX per ton of clinker produced, based on a rolling 30-kiln operating day basis. In addition, if the owner/operator installs an ammonia injection system to comply with the limits specified in this paragraph (k)(3), the owner/operator shall also comply with the control technology demonstration requirements set forth in paragraph (k)(6) of this section.
(4) Alternative emissions limitation. In lieu of the emission limitation listed in paragraph (k)(3)(i) of this section, the owner/operator of kiln 4 of the Clarkdale Plant may choose to comply with the following limitation by providing notification per paragraph (k)(13)(iv) of this section. The owner/operator of kiln 4 of the Clarkdale Plant, as identified in paragraph (k)(1) of this section, shall not emit or cause to be emitted from kiln 4 NOX in excess of 810 tons per year, based on a rolling 12 month basis.
(5) Compliance date. (i) The owner/operator of each unit identified in paragraph (k)(1) of this section shall comply with the NOX emissions limitations and other NOX-related requirements of paragraph (k)(3) of this section no later than December 31, 2018.
(i) The owner/operator of each unit identified in paragraph (k)(1) of this section shall comply with the NOX emissions limitations and other NOX-related requirements of paragraph (k)(3) of this section no later than December 31, 2018.
(ii) If the owner/operator of the Clarkdale Plant chooses to comply with the emission limit of paragraph (k)(4) of this section in lieu of paragraph (k)(3)(i) of this section, the owner/operator shall comply with the NOX emissions limitations and other NOX-related requirements of paragraph (k)(4) of this section no later than December 31, 2018.
(6) Control technology demonstration requirements. If the owner/operator of a unit installs an ammonia injection system to comply with the limits specified in paragraph (k)(3) of this section, the owner/operator must comply with the following requirements for implementing combustion and process optimization measures.
(i) Design report. Prior to commencing construction of an ammonia injection system used to comply with the limits specified in paragraph (k)(3) of this section, the owner/operator shall submit to EPA for review a Design Report as described in appendix A of this section.
(ii) Optimization protocol. Prior to commencement of the Optimization Program, the owner/operator shall submit to EPA for review an Optimization Protocol which shall include the procedures, as described in appendix A of this section, to be used during the Optimization Program for the purpose of adjusting operating parameters and minimizing emissions.
(iii) Optimization period. Following EPA review of the Optimization Protocol, the owner/operator shall operate the ammonia injection system and collect data in accordance with the Optimization Protocol. The owner/operator shall operate the ammonia injection system in such a manner for no longer than 180 kiln operating days, or the duration specified in the Optimization Protocol, whichever is longer in duration.
(iv) Optimization report. Within 60 calendar days following the conclusion of the Optimization Program, the owner/operator shall submit to EPA for review an Optimization Report, as described in appendix A of this section, demonstrating conformance with the Optimization Protocol, and establishing optimized operating parameters for the ammonia injection system as well as other facility processes.
(v) Demonstration period. Following EPA review of the Optimization Report, the owner/operator shall operate the ammonia injection system consistent with the optimized operations of the facility and ammonia injection system specified in the Optimization Report. The owner/operator shall operate the ammonia injection system in such a manner for a period of 270 kiln operating days, or the duration specified in the Optimization Report, whichever is longer. The Demonstration Period may be shortened or lengthened as provided for in appendix A of this section.
(vi) Demonstration report. Within 60 calendar days following the conclusion of the Demonstration Program, the owner/operator shall submit a Demonstration Report, as described in appendix A of this section, which identifies a proposed rolling 30-kiln operating day emission limit for NOX. In a subsequent regulatory action, EPA may seek to lower the emission limits in paragraphs (k)(3) and/or (k)(4) of this section in view of, among other things, the information contained in the Demonstration Report. The proposed rolling 30-kiln operating day emission limit shall be calculated in accordance with the following formula: X = [micro] + 1.65[sigma] Where: X = Rolling 30-kiln operating day emission limit, in pounds of NOx per
ton of clinker;[micro] = Arithmetic mean of all of the rolling 30-kiln operating day
emission rates;[sigma] = Standard deviation of all of the rolling 30-kiln operating day
emission rates, as calculated in the following manner:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR03SE14.002
Where: N = The total number of rolling 30-kiln operating day emission rates;xi = Each rolling 30-kiln operating day emission rate; x = The mean value of all of the rolling 30-kiln operating day emission
rates.
(7) Compliance determination--(i) Continuous emission monitoring system. (A) At all times after the compliance date specified in paragraph (k)(5) of this section, the owner/operator of the unit at the Clarkdale Plant shall maintain, calibrate, and operate a CEMS, in full compliance with the requirements found at 40 CFR 60.63(f) and (g), to accurately measure concentration by volume of NOX, diluent, and stack gas volumetric flow rate from the in-line/raw mill stack, as well as the stack gas volumetric flow rate from the coal mill stack. The CEMS shall be used by the owner/operator to determine compliance with the emission limitation in paragraph (k)(3) of this section, in combination with data on actual clinker production. The owner/operator must operate the monitoring system and collect data at all required intervals at all times the affected unit is operating, except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments).
(i) Continuous emission monitoring system. (A) At all times after the compliance date specified in paragraph (k)(5) of this section, the owner/operator of the unit at the Clarkdale Plant shall maintain, calibrate, and operate a CEMS, in full compliance with the requirements found at 40 CFR 60.63(f) and (g), to accurately measure concentration by volume of NOX, diluent, and stack gas volumetric flow rate from the in-line/raw mill stack, as well as the stack gas volumetric flow rate from the coal mill stack. The CEMS shall be used by the owner/operator to determine compliance with the emission limitation in paragraph (k)(3) of this section, in combination with data on actual clinker production. The owner/operator must operate the monitoring system and collect data at all required intervals at all times the affected unit is operating, except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments).
(A) At all times after the compliance date specified in paragraph (k)(5) of this section, the owner/operator of the unit at the Clarkdale Plant shall maintain, calibrate, and operate a CEMS, in full compliance with the requirements found at 40 CFR 60.63(f) and (g), to accurately measure concentration by volume of NOX, diluent, and stack gas volumetric flow rate from the in-line/raw mill stack, as well as the stack gas volumetric flow rate from the coal mill stack. The CEMS shall be used by the owner/operator to determine compliance with the emission limitation in paragraph (k)(3) of this section, in combination with data on actual clinker production. The owner/operator must operate the monitoring system and collect data at all required intervals at all times the affected unit is operating, except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments).
(B) At all times after the compliance date specified in paragraph (k)(5) of this section, the owner/operator of the unit at the Rillito Plant shall maintain, calibrate, and operate a CEMS, in full compliance with the requirements found at 40 CFR 60.63(f) and (g), to accurately measure concentration by volume of NOX, diluent, and stack gas volumetric flow rate from the unit. The CEMS shall be used by the owner/operator to determine compliance with the emission limitation in paragraph (k)(3) of this section, in combination with data on actual clinker production. The owner/operator must operate the monitoring system and collect data at all required intervals at all times the affected unit is operating, except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments).
(ii) Methods. (A) The owner/operator of each unit shall record the daily clinker production rates.
(A) The owner/operator of each unit shall record the daily clinker production rates.
(B)(1) The owner/operator of each unit shall calculate and record the 30-kiln operating day average emission rate of NOX, in lb/ton of clinker produced, as the total of all hourly emissions data for the cement kiln in the preceding 30-kiln operating days, divided by the total tons of clinker produced in that kiln during the same 30-day operating period, using the following equation:[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR03SE14.003 Where: E[D] = 30 kiln operating day average emission rate of NOX,
lb/ton of clinker;C[i] = Concentration of NOX for hour i, ppm;Q[i] = Volumetric flow rate of effluent gas for hour i, where C[i] and
Q[i] are on the same basis (either wet or dry), scf/hr;P[i] = Total kiln clinker produced during production hour i, ton/hr;k = Conversion factor, 1.194 x 10<-7 for NOX; andn = Number of kiln operating hours over 30 kiln operating days, n = 1 up
to 720.
(2) For each kiln operating hour for which the owner/operator does not have at least one valid 15-minute CEMS data value, the owner/operator must use the average emissions rate (lb/hr) from the most recent previous hour for which valid data are available. Hourly clinker production shall be determined by the owner/operator in accordance with the requirements found at 40 CFR 60.63(b).
(C) At the end of each kiln operating day, the owner/operator shall calculate and record a new 30-day rolling average emission rate in lb/ton clinker from the arithmetic average of all valid hourly emission rates for the current kiln operating day and the previous 29 successive kiln operating days.
(D) Upon and after the completion of installation of ammonia injection on a unit, the owner/operator shall install, and thereafter maintain and operate, instrumentation to continuously monitor and record levels of ammonia consumption that unit.
(8) Alternative compliance determination. If the owner/operator of the Clarkdale Plant chooses to comply with the emission limits of paragraph (k)(4) of this section, this paragraph (k)(8) may be used in lieu of paragraph (k)(7) of this section to demonstrate compliance with the emission limits in paragraph (k)(4) of this section.
(i) Continuous emission monitoring system. At all times after the compliance date specified in paragraph (k)(5) of this section, the owner/operator of the unit at the Clarkdale Plant shall maintain, calibrate, and operate a CEMS, in full compliance with the requirements found at 40 CFR 60.63(f) and (g), to accurately measure concentration by volume of NOX, diluent, and stack gas volumetric flow rate from the in-line/raw mill stack, as well as the stack gas volumetric flow rate from the coal mill stack. The CEMS shall be used by the owner/operator to determine compliance with the emission limitation in paragraph (k)(3) of this section, in combination with data on actual clinker production. The owner/operator must operate the monitoring system and collect data at all required intervals at all times the affected unit is operating, except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments).
(ii) Method. Compliance with the ton per year NOX emission limit described in paragraph (k)(4) of this section shall be determined based on a rolling 12 month basis. The rolling 12-month NOX emission rate for the kiln shall be calculated within 30 days following the end of each calendar month in accordance with the following procedure: Step one, sum the hourly pounds of NOX emitted for the month just completed and the eleven (11) months preceding the month just completed, to calculate the total pounds of NOX emitted over the most recent twelve (12) month period for that kiln; Step two, divide the total pounds of NOX calculated from Step one by two thousand (2,000) to calculate the total tons of NOX. Each rolling 12-month NOX emission rate shall include all emissions that occur during all periods within the 12-month period, including emissions from startup, shutdown and malfunction.
(iii) Upon and after the completion of installation of ammonia injection on the unit, the owner/operator shall install, and thereafter maintain and operate, instrumentation to continuously monitor and record levels of ammonia consumption for that unit.
(9) Recordkeeping. The owner/operator of each unit shall maintain the following records for at least five years:
(i) All CEMS data, including the date, place, and time of sampling or measurement; emissions and parameters sampled or measured; and results.
(ii) All records of clinker production.
(iii) Daily 30-day rolling emission rates of NOX, calculated in accordance with paragraph (k)(7)(ii) of this section.
(iv) Records of quality assurance and quality control activities for emissions measuring systems including, but not limited to, any records specified by 40 CFR part 60, appendix F, Procedure 1.
(v) Records of ammonia consumption, as recorded by the instrumentation required in paragraph (k)(7)(ii)(D) of this section.
(vi) Records of all major maintenance activities conducted on emission units, air pollution control equipment, CEMS and clinker production measurement devices.
(vii) Any other records specified by 40 CFR part 60, subpart F, or 40 CFR part 60, appendix F, Procedure 1.
(10) Alternative recordkeeping requirements. If the owner/operator of the Clarkdale Plant chooses to comply with the emission limits of paragraph (k)(4) of this section, the owner/operator shall maintain the records listed in this paragraph (k)(10) in lieu of the records contained in paragraph (k)(9) of this section. The owner or operator shall maintain the following records for at least five years:
(i) All CEMS data, including the date, place, and time of sampling or measurement; emissions and parameters sampled or measured; and results.
(ii) Monthly rolling 12-month emission rates of NOX, calculated in accordance with paragraph (k)(8)(ii) of this section.
(iii) Records of quality assurance and quality control activities for emissions measuring systems including, but not limited to, any records specified by 40 CFR part 60, appendix F, Procedure 1.
(iv) Records of ammonia consumption, as recorded by the instrumentation required in paragraph (k)(8)(iii) of this section.
(v) Records of all major maintenance activities conducted on emission units, air pollution control equipment, and CEMS measurement devices.
(vi) Any other records specified by 40 CFR part 60, subpart F, or 40 CFR part 60, appendix F, Procedure 1.
(11) Reporting. All reports required under this section shall be submitted by the owner/operator to the Director, Enforcement Division (Mailcode ENF-2-1), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 9, 75 Hawthorne Street, San Francisco, California 94105-3901. All reports required under this section shall be submitted within 30 days after the applicable compliance date in paragraph (k)(5) of this section and at least semiannually thereafter, within 30 days after the end of a semiannual period. The owner/operator may submit reports more frequently than semiannually for the purposes of synchronizing reports required under this section with other reporting requirements, such as the title V monitoring report required by 40 CFR 70.6(a)(3)(iii)(A), but at no point shall the duration of a semiannual period exceed six months.
(i) The owner/operator shall submit a report that lists the daily 30-day rolling emission rates for NOX.
(ii) The owner/operator shall submit excess emissions reports for NOX limits. Excess emissions means emissions that exceed the emissions limits specified in paragraph (k)(3) of this section. The reports shall include the magnitude, date(s), and duration of each period of excess emissions, specific identification of each period of excess emissions that occurs during startups, shutdowns, and malfunctions of the unit, the nature and cause of any malfunction (if known), and the corrective action taken or preventative measures adopted.
(iii) The owner/operator shall submit CEMS performance reports, to include dates and duration of each period during which the CEMS was inoperative (except for zero and span adjustments and calibration checks), reason(s) why the CEMS was inoperative and steps taken to prevent recurrence, and any CEMS repairs or adjustments.
(iv) The owner/operator shall also submit results of any CEMS performance tests specified by 40 CFR part 60, appendix F, Procedure 1 (Relative Accuracy Test Audits, Relative Accuracy Audits, and Cylinder Gas Audits).
(v) When no excess emissions have occurred or the CEMS has not been inoperative, repaired, or adjusted during the reporting period, the owner/operator shall state such information in the reports required by paragraph (k)(9)(ii) of this section.
(12) Alternative reporting requirements. If the owner/operator of the Clarkdale Plant chooses to comply with the emission limits of paragraph (k)(4) of this section, the owner/operator shall submit the reports listed in this paragraph (k)(12) in lieu of the reports contained in paragraph (k)(11) of this section. All reports required under this section shall be submitted by the owner/operator to the Director, Enforcement Division (Mailcode ENF-2-1), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 9, 75 Hawthorne Street, San Francisco, California 94105-3901. All reports required under this section shall be submitted within 30 days after the applicable compliance date in paragraph (k)(5) of this section and at least semiannually thereafter, within 30 days after the end of a semiannual period. The owner/operator may submit reports more frequently than semiannually for the purposes of synchronizing reports required under this section with other reporting requirements, such as the title V monitoring report required by 40 CFR 70.6(a)(3)(iii)(A), but at no point shall the duration of a semiannual period exceed six months.
(i) The owner/operator shall submit a report that lists the monthly rolling 12-month emission rates for NOX.
(ii) The owner/operator shall submit excess emissions reports for NOX limits. Excess emissions means emissions that exceed the emissions limits specified in paragraph (k)(3) of this section. The reports shall include the magnitude, date(s), and duration of each period of excess emissions, specific identification of each period of excess emissions that occurs during startups, shutdowns, and malfunctions of the unit, the nature and cause of any malfunction (if known), and the corrective action taken or preventative measures adopted.
(iii) The owner/operator shall submit CEMS performance reports, to include dates and duration of each period during which the CEMS was inoperative (except for zero and span adjustments and calibration checks), reason(s) why the CEMS was inoperative and steps taken to prevent recurrence, and any CEMS repairs or adjustments.
(iv) The owner/operator shall also submit results of any CEMS performance tests specified by 40 CFR part 60, appendix F, Procedure 1 (Relative Accuracy Test Audits, Relative Accuracy Audits, and Cylinder Gas Audits).
(v) When no excess emissions have occurred or the CEMS has not been inoperative, repaired, or adjusted during the reporting period, the owner/operator shall state such information in the reports required by paragraph (k)(9)(ii) of this section.
(13) Notifications. (i) The owner/operator shall submit notification of commencement of construction of any equipment which is being constructed to comply with the NOX emission limits in paragraph (k)(3) of this section.
(i) The owner/operator shall submit notification of commencement of construction of any equipment which is being constructed to comply with the NOX emission limits in paragraph (k)(3) of this section.
(ii) The owner/operator shall submit semiannual progress reports on construction of any such equipment.
(iii) The owner/operator shall submit notification of initial startup of any such equipment.
(iv) By June 30, 2018, the owner/operator of the Clarkdale Plant shall notify the Regional Administrator by letter whether it will comply with the emission limits in paragraph (k)(3)(i) of this section or whether it will comply with the emission limits in paragraph (k)(4) of this section. In the event that the owner/operator does not submit timely and proper notification by June 30, 2018, the owner/operator of the Clarkdale Plant may not choose to comply with the alternative emission limits in paragraph (k)(4) of this section and shall comply with the emission limits in paragraph (k)(3)(i) of this section.
(14) Equipment operation. (i) At all times, including periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction, the owner or operator shall, to the extent practicable, maintain and operate the unit including associated air pollution control equipment in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions. Pollution control equipment shall be designed and capable of operating properly to minimize emissions during all expected operating conditions. Determination of whether acceptable operating and maintenance procedures are being used will be based on information available to the Regional Administrator which may include, but is not limited to, monitoring results, review of operating and maintenance procedures, and inspection of the unit.
(i) At all times, including periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction, the owner or operator shall, to the extent practicable, maintain and operate the unit including associated air pollution control equipment in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions. Pollution control equipment shall be designed and capable of operating properly to minimize emissions during all expected operating conditions. Determination of whether acceptable operating and maintenance procedures are being used will be based on information available to the Regional Administrator which may include, but is not limited to, monitoring results, review of operating and maintenance procedures, and inspection of the unit.
(ii) After completion of installation of ammonia injection on a unit, the owner or operator shall inject sufficient ammonia to achieve compliance with NOX emission limits set forth in paragraph (k)(3) of this section for that unit while preventing excessive ammonia emissions.
(15) Enforcement. Notwithstanding any other provision in this implementation plan, any credible evidence or information relevant as to whether the unit would have been in compliance with applicable requirements if the appropriate performance or compliance test had been performed, can be used to establish whether or not the owner or operator has violated or is in violation of any standard or applicable emission limit in the plan.
(l) Source-specific federal implementation plan for regional haze at Hayden Copper Smelter--(1) Applicability. This paragraph (l) applies to each owner/operator of batch copper converters 1, 3, 4 and 5 and anode furnaces 1 and 2 at the copper smelting plant located in Hayden, Gila County, Arizona.
(1) Applicability. This paragraph (l) applies to each owner/operator of batch copper converters 1, 3, 4 and 5 and anode furnaces 1 and 2 at the copper smelting plant located in Hayden, Gila County, Arizona.
(2) Definitions. Terms not defined in this paragraph (l)(2) shall have the meaning given them in the Clean Air Act or EPA's regulations implementing the Clean Air Act. For purposes of this paragraph (l):
Anode furnace means a furnace in which molten blister copper is refined through introduction of a reducing agent such as natural gas.
Batch copper converter means a Peirce-Smith converter in which copper matte is oxidized to form blister copper by a process that is performed in discrete batches using a sequence of charging, blowing, skimming, and pouring.
Blister copper means an impure form of copper, typically between 96 and 98 percent pure copper that is the output of the converters.
Calendar day means a 24 hour period that begins and ends at midnight, local standard time.
Capture system means the collection of components used to capture gases and fumes released from one or more emission points, and to convey the captured gases and fumes to one or more control devices. A capture system may include, but is not limited to, the following components as applicable to a given capture system design: Duct intake devices, hoods, enclosures, ductwork, dampers, manifolds, plenums, and fans.
Continuous emission monitoring system or CEMS means the equipment required by this section to sample, analyze, measure, and provide, by means of readings recorded at least once every 15 minutes (using an automated data acquisition and handling system (DAHS)), a permanent record of SO2 emissions, other pollutant emissions, diluent, or stack gas volumetric flow rate.
Copper matte means a material predominately composed of copper and iron sulfides produced by smelting copper ore concentrates.
NOX means nitrogen oxides.
Owner/operator means any person who owns or who operates, controls, or supervises the equipment identified in paragraph (l)(1) of this section.
Regional Administrator means the Regional Administrator of EPA Region 9 or his or her designated representative.
SO2 means sulfur dioxide.
(3) Emission capture. (i) The owner/operator must operate a capture system that has been designed to maximize collection of process off gases vented from each converter identified in paragraph (l)(1) of this section. The capture system must include primary and secondary capture systems as described in 40 CFR 63.1444(d)(2).
(i) The owner/operator must operate a capture system that has been designed to maximize collection of process off gases vented from each converter identified in paragraph (l)(1) of this section. The capture system must include primary and secondary capture systems as described in 40 CFR 63.1444(d)(2).
(ii) The operation of the batch copper converters, primary capture system, and secondary capture system shall be optimized to capture the maximum amount of process off gases vented from each converter at all times.
(iii) The owner/operator shall prepare a written operation and maintenance plan according to the requirements in paragraph (l)(3)(iv) of this section and submit this plan to the Regional Administrator 180 days prior to the compliance date in paragraph (l)(5)(ii) of this section. The Regional Administrator shall approve or disapprove the plan within 180 days of submittal. At all times when one or more converters are blowing, the owner/operator must operate the capture system consistent with this plan.
(iv) The written operations and maintenance plan must address the following requirements as applicable to the capture system or control device.
(A) Preventative maintenance. The owner/operator must perform preventative maintenance for each capture system and control device according to written procedures specified in owner/operator's operation and maintenance plan. The procedures must include a preventative maintenance schedule that is consistent with the manufacturer's or engineer's instructions for routine and long-term maintenance.
(B) Capture system inspections. The owner/operator must perform capture system inspections for each capture system in accordance with the requirements of 40 CFR 63.1447(b)(2).
(C) Copper converter department capture system operating limits. The owner/operator must establish, according to the requirements 40 CFR 63.1447(b)(3)(i) through (iii), operating limits for the capture system that are representative and reliable indicators of the optimized performance of the capture system, consistent with paragraph (l)(3)(ii) of this section, when it is used to collect the process off-gas vented from batch copper converters during blowing.
(4) Emission limitations and work practice standards. (i) SO2 emissions collected by any primary capture system required by paragraph (l)(3) of this section must be controlled by one or more control devices and reduced by at least 99.8 percent, based on a 365-day rolling average.
(i) SO2 emissions collected by any primary capture system required by paragraph (l)(3) of this section must be controlled by one or more control devices and reduced by at least 99.8 percent, based on a 365-day rolling average.
(ii) SO2 emissions collected by any secondary capture system required by paragraph (l)(3) of this section must be controlled by one or more control devices and reduced by at least 98.5 percent, based on a 365-day rolling average.
(iii) The owner/operator must not cause or allow to be discharged to the atmosphere from any primary capture system required by paragraph (l)(3) of this section off-gas that contains nonsulfuric acid particulate matter in excess of 6.2 mg/dscm as measured using the test methods specified in 40 CFR 63.1450(b).
(iv) The owner/operator must not cause or allow to be discharged to the atmosphere from any secondary capture system required by paragraph (l)(3) of this section off-gas that contains particulate matter in excess of 23 mg/dscm as measured using the test methods specified in 40 CFR 63.1450(a).
(v) Total NOX emissions from anode furnaces 1 and 2 and the batch copper converters shall not exceed 40 tons per 12-continuous month period.
(vi) Anode furnaces 1 and 2 shall only be charged with blister copper or higher purity copper. This charging limitation does not extend to the use or addition of poling or fluxing agents necessary to achieve final casting chemistry.
(5) Compliance dates. (i) The owner/operator of each batch copper converter identified in paragraph (l)(1) of this section shall comply with the emissions limitations in paragraphs (l)(4)(ii) and (l)(4)(iv) of this section and other requirements of this section related to the secondary capture system no later than September 3, 2018.
(i) The owner/operator of each batch copper converter identified in paragraph (l)(1) of this section shall comply with the emissions limitations in paragraphs (l)(4)(ii) and (l)(4)(iv) of this section and other requirements of this section related to the secondary capture system no later than September 3, 2018.
(ii) The owner/operator of each batch copper converter identified in paragraph (l)(1) of this section shall comply with the emissions limitations in paragraphs (l)(4)(i), (l)(4)(iii), (l)(4)(v), and (l)(4)(vi) of this section and other requirements of this section, except those requirements related to the secondary capture system, no later than September 4, 2017.
(6) Compliance determination--(i) Continuous emission monitoring system. At all times after the compliance date specified in paragraph (l)(5) of this section, the owner/operator of each batch copper converter identified in paragraph (l)(1) of this section shall maintain, calibrate, and operate a CEMS, in full compliance with the requirements found at 40 CFR 60.13 and 40 CFR part 60, appendices B and F, to accurately measure the mass emission rate in pounds per hour of SO2 emissions entering each control device used to control emissions from the converters, and venting from the converters to the atmosphere after passing through a control device or an uncontrolled bypass stack. The CEMS shall be used by the owner/operator to determine compliance with the emission limitation in paragraph (l)(4) of this section. The owner/operator must operate the monitoring system and collect data at all required intervals at all times that an affected unit is operating, except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments).
(i) Continuous emission monitoring system. At all times after the compliance date specified in paragraph (l)(5) of this section, the owner/operator of each batch copper converter identified in paragraph (l)(1) of this section shall maintain, calibrate, and operate a CEMS, in full compliance with the requirements found at 40 CFR 60.13 and 40 CFR part 60, appendices B and F, to accurately measure the mass emission rate in pounds per hour of SO2 emissions entering each control device used to control emissions from the converters, and venting from the converters to the atmosphere after passing through a control device or an uncontrolled bypass stack. The CEMS shall be used by the owner/operator to determine compliance with the emission limitation in paragraph (l)(4) of this section. The owner/operator must operate the monitoring system and collect data at all required intervals at all times that an affected unit is operating, except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments).
(ii) Compliance determination for SO2 limit for the converters. The 365-day rolling SO2 emission control efficiency for the converters shall be calculated separately for the primary capture system and the secondary capture system for each calendar day in accordance with the following procedure: Step one, sum the hourly pounds of SO2 vented to each uncontrolled bypass stack and to each control device used to control emissions from the converters for the current calendar day and the preceding three-hundred-sixty-four (364) calendar days, to calculate the total pounds of pre-control SO2 emissions over the most recent three-hundred-sixty-five (365) calendar day period; Step two, sum the hourly pounds of SO2 vented to each uncontrolled bypass stack and emitted from the release point of each control device used to control emissions from the converters for the current calendar day and the preceding three-hundred-sixty-four (364) calendar days, to calculate the total pounds of post-control SO2 emissions over the most recent three-hundred-sixty-five (365) calendar day period; Step three, divide the total amount of post-control SO2 emissions calculated from Step two by the total amount of pre-control SO2 emissions calculated from Step one, subtract the resulting ratio from one, and multiply the difference by 100 percent to calculate the 365-day rolling SO2 emission control efficiency as a percentage.
(iii) Compliance determination for nonsulfuric acid particulate matter. Compliance with the emission limit for nonsulfuric acid particulate matter in paragraph (l)(4)(iii) of this section shall be demonstrated by the procedures in 40 CFR 63.1451(b) and 63.1453(a)(2). The owner/operator shall conduct an initial compliance test within 180 days after the compliance date specified in paragraph (l)(5) of this section unless a test performed according to the procedures in 40 CFR 63.1450 in the past year shows compliance with the limit.
(iv) Compliance determination for particulate matter. Compliance with the emission limit for particulate matter in paragraph (l)(4)(iv) of this section shall be demonstrated by the procedures in 40 CFR 63.1451(a) and 63.1453(a)(1). The owner/operator shall conduct an initial compliance test within 180 days after the compliance date specified in paragraph (l)(5) of this section unless a test performed according to the procedures in 40 CFR 63.1450 in the past year shows compliance with the limit.
(v) Compliance determination for NOX. Compliance with the emission limit for NOX in paragraph (l)(4)(v) of this section shall be demonstrated by monitoring natural gas consumption in each of the units identified in paragraph (l)(1) of this section for each calendar day. At the end of each calendar month, the owner/operator shall calculate 12-consecutive month NOX emissions by multiplying the daily natural gas consumption rates for each unit by an approved emission factor and adding the sums for all units over the previous 12-consecutive month period.
(7) Alternatives to requirements to install CEMS. The requirement in paragraph (l)(6)(i) of this section to install CEMS to measure the mass of SO2 entering a control device or venting to the atmosphere through uncontrolled bypass stacks will be waived if the owner/operator complies with one of the options in this paragraph (l)(7).
(i) Acid plants. The owner/operator may calculate the pounds of SO2 entering an acid plant during a calendar day by adding the pounds of SO2 emitted through the acid plant tail stack and 0.653 times the daily production of anhydrous sulfuric acid from the acid plant.
(ii) Uncontrolled bypass stack. The owner/operator may calculate the pounds of SO2 venting to the atmosphere through an uncontrolled bypass stack based on test data provided the facility operates according to a startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan consistent with 40 CFR 63.6(e)(3) and the Regional Administrator has approved a calculation methodology for planned and unplanned bypass events.
(8) Capture system monitoring. For each operating limit established under the capture system operation and maintenance plan required by paragraph (l)(4) of this section, the owner/operator must install, operate, and maintain an appropriate monitoring device according to the requirements in 40 CFR 63.1452(a)(1) through (6) to measure and record the operating limit value or setting at all times the required capture system is operating. Dampers that are manually set and remain in the same position at all times the capture system is operating are exempted from these monitoring requirements.
(9) Recordkeeping. The owner/operator shall maintain the following records for at least five years:
(i) All CEMS data, including the date, place, and time of sampling or measurement; parameters sampled or measured; and results.
(ii) Records of quality assurance and quality control activities for emissions measuring systems including, but not limited to, any records required by 40 CFR part 60, appendix F, Procedure 1.
(iii) Records of all major maintenance activities conducted on emission units, air pollution control equipment, and CEMS.
(iv) Any other records required by 40 CFR part 60, subpart F, or 40 CFR part 60, appendix F, Procedure 1.
(v) Records of all monitoring required by paragraph (l)(8) of this section.
(vi) Records of daily sulfuric acid production in tons per day of pure, anhydrous sulfuric acid if the owner/operator chooses to use the alternative compliance determination method in paragraph (l)(7)(i) of this section.
(vii) Records of planned and unplanned bypass events and calculations used to determine emissions from bypass events if the owner/operator chooses to use the alternative compliance determination method in paragraph (l)(7)(ii) of this section.
(viii) Records of daily natural gas consumption in each units identified in paragraph (l)(1) of this section and all calculations performed to demonstrate compliance with the limit in paragraph (l)(4)(vi) of this section.
(10) Reporting. All reports required under this section shall be submitted by the owner/operator to the Director, Enforcement Division (Mail Code ENF-2-1), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 9, 75 Hawthorne Street, San Francisco, California 94105-3901. All reports required under this section shall be submitted within 30 days after the applicable compliance date in paragraph (l)(5) of this section and at least semiannually thereafter, within 30 days after the end of a semiannual period. The owner/operator may submit reports more frequently than semiannually for the purposes of synchronizing reports required under this section with other reporting requirements, such as the title V monitoring report required by 40 CFR 70.6(a)(3)(iii)(A), but at no point shall the duration of a semiannual period exceed six months.
(i) The owner/operator shall promptly submit excess emissions reports for the SO2 limit. Excess emissions means emissions that exceed the emissions limit specified in paragraph (d) of this section. The reports shall include the magnitude, date(s), and duration of each period of excess emissions, specific identification of each period of excess emissions that occurs during startups, shutdowns, and malfunctions of the unit, the nature and cause of any malfunction (if known), and the corrective action taken or preventative measures adopted. For the purpose of this paragraph (l)(10)(i), promptly shall mean within 30 days after the end of the month in which the excess emissions were discovered.
(ii) The owner/operator shall submit CEMS performance reports, to include dates and duration of each period during which the CEMS was inoperative (except for zero and span adjustments and calibration checks), reason(s) why the CEMS was inoperative and steps taken to prevent recurrence, and any CEMS repairs or adjustments. The owner/operator shall submit reports semiannually.
(iii) The owner/operator shall also submit results of any CEMS performance tests required by 40 CFR part 60, appendix F, Procedure 1 (Relative Accuracy Test Audits, Relative Accuracy Audits, and Cylinder Gas Audits).
(iv) When no excess emissions have occurred or the CEMS has not been inoperative, repaired, or adjusted during the reporting period, the owner/operator shall state such information in the semiannual report.
(v) When performance testing is required to determine compliance with an emission limit in paragraph (l)(4) of this section, the owner/operator shall submit test reports as specified in 40 CFR part 63, subpart A.
(11) Notifications. (i) The owner/operator shall notify EPA of commencement of construction of any equipment which is being constructed to comply with the capture or emission limits in paragraph (l)(3) or (4) of this section.
(i) The owner/operator shall notify EPA of commencement of construction of any equipment which is being constructed to comply with the capture or emission limits in paragraph (l)(3) or (4) of this section.
(ii) The owner/operator shall submit semiannual progress reports on construction of any such equipment.
(iii) The owner/operator shall submit notification of initial startup of any such equipment.
(12) Equipment operations. At all times, including periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction, the owner or operator shall, to the extent practicable, maintain and operate the unit including associated air pollution control equipment in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions. Pollution control equipment shall be designed and capable of operating properly to minimize emissions during all expected operating conditions. Determination of whether acceptable operating and maintenance procedures are being used will be based on information available to the Regional Administrator which may include, but is not limited to, monitoring results, review of operating and maintenance procedures, and inspection of the unit.
(13) Enforcement. Notwithstanding any other provision in this implementation plan, any credible evidence or information relevant as to whether the unit would have been in compliance with applicable requirements if the appropriate performance or compliance test had been performed, can be used to establish whether or not the owner or operator has violated or is in violation of any standard or applicable emission limit in the plan.
(m) Source-specific federal implementation plan for regional haze at Miami Copper Smelter--(1) Applicability. This paragraph (m) applies to each owner/operator of batch copper converters 2, 3, 4 and 5 and the electric furnace at the copper smelting plant located in Miami, Gila County, Arizona.
(1) Applicability. This paragraph (m) applies to each owner/operator of batch copper converters 2, 3, 4 and 5 and the electric furnace at the copper smelting plant located in Miami, Gila County, Arizona.
(2) Definitions. Terms not defined in this paragraph (m)(2) shall have the meaning given them in the Clean Air Act or EPA's regulations implementing the Clean Air Act. For purposes of this paragraph (m):
Batch copper converter means a Hoboken converter in which copper matte is oxidized to form blister copper by a process that is performed in discrete batches using a sequence of charging, blowing, skimming, and pouring.
Calendar day means a 24 hour period that begins and ends at midnight, local standard time.
Capture system means the collection of components used to capture gases and fumes released from one or more emission points, and to convey the captured gases and fumes to one or more control devices. A capture system may include, but is not limited to, the following components as applicable to a given capture system design: duct intake devices, hoods, enclosures, ductwork, dampers, manifolds, plenums, and fans.
Continuous emission monitoring system or CEMS means the equipment required by this section to sample, analyze, measure, and provide, by means of readings recorded at least once every 15 minutes (using an automated data acquisition and handling system (DAHS)), a permanent record of SO2 emissions, other pollutant emissions, diluent, or stack gas volumetric flow rate.
Copper matte means a material predominately composed of copper and iron sulfides produced by smelting copper ore concentrates.
Electric furnace means a furnace in which copper matte and slag are heated by electrical resistance without the mechanical introduction of air or oxygen.
NOX means nitrogen oxides.
Owner/operator means any person who owns or who operates, controls, or supervises the equipment identified in paragraph (m)(1) of this section.
Slag means the waste material consisting primarily of iron sulfides separated from copper matte during the smelting and refining of copper ore concentrates.
SO2 means sulfur dioxide.
(3) Emission capture. (i) The owner/operator of the batch copper converters identified in paragraph (m)(1) of this section must operate a capture system that has been designed to maximize collection of process off gases vented from each converter. The capture system must include a primary capture system as described in 40 CFR 63.1444(d)(3) and a secondary capture system designed to maximize the collection of emissions not collected by the primary capture system.
(i) The owner/operator of the batch copper converters identified in paragraph (m)(1) of this section must operate a capture system that has been designed to maximize collection of process off gases vented from each converter. The capture system must include a primary capture system as described in 40 CFR 63.1444(d)(3) and a secondary capture system designed to maximize the collection of emissions not collected by the primary capture system.
(ii) The operation of the batch copper converters, primary capture system, and secondary capture system shall be optimized to capture the maximum amount of process off gases vented from each converter at all times.
(iii) The owner/operator shall prepare a written operation and maintenance plan according to the requirements in paragraph (m)(3)(iv) of this section and submit this plan to the Regional Administrator 180 days prior to the compliance date in paragraph (m)(5) of this section. The Regional Administrator shall approve or disapprove the plan within 180 days of submittal. At all times when one or more converters are blowing, the owner/operator must operate the capture system consistent with this plan.
(iv) The written operations and maintenance plan must address the following requirements as applicable to the capture system or control device.
(A) Preventative maintenance. The owner/operator must perform preventative maintenance for each capture system and control device according to written procedures specified in owner/operator's operation and maintenance plan. The procedures must include a preventative maintenance schedule that is consistent with the manufacturer's or engineer's instructions for routine and long-term maintenance.
(B) Capture system inspections. The owner/operator must perform capture system inspections for each capture system in accordance with the requirements of 40 CFR 63.1447(b)(2).
(C) Copper converter department capture system operating limits. The owner/operator must establish, according to the requirements 40 CFR 63.1447(b)(3)(i) through (iii), operating limits for the capture system that are representative and reliable indicators of the performance of capture system when it is used to collect the process off-gas vented from batch copper converters during blowing.
(4) Emission limitations and work practice standards. (i) SO2 emissions collected by the capture system required by paragraph (m)(3) of this section must be controlled by one or more control devices and reduced by at least 99.7 percent, based on a 365-day rolling average.
(i) SO2 emissions collected by the capture system required by paragraph (m)(3) of this section must be controlled by one or more control devices and reduced by at least 99.7 percent, based on a 365-day rolling average.
(ii) The owner/operator must not cause or allow to be discharged to the atmosphere from any primary capture system required by paragraph (m)(3) of this section off-gas that contains nonsulfuric acid particulate matter in excess of 6.2 mg/dscm as measured using the test methods specified in 40 CFR 63.1450(b).
(iii) Total NOX emissions the electric furnace and the batch copper converters shall not exceed 40 tons per 12-continuous month period.
(iv) The owner/operator shall not actively aerate the electric furnace.
(5) Compliance dates. (i) The owner/operator of each batch copper converter identified in paragraph (m)(1) of this section shall comply with the emission capture requirement in paragraph (m)(3) of this section; the emission limitation in paragraph (m)(4)(i) of this section; the compliance determination requirements in paragraphs (m)(6)(i) and (ii) and (m)(7) of this section; the capture system monitoring requirements in paragraph (m)(8) of this section; the recordkeeping requirements in paragraphs (m)(9)(i) through (viii) of this section; and the reporting requirements in paragraphs (m)(10)(i) through (iv) of this section no later than January 1, 2018.
(i) The owner/operator of each batch copper converter identified in paragraph (m)(1) of this section shall comply with the emission capture requirement in paragraph (m)(3) of this section; the emission limitation in paragraph (m)(4)(i) of this section; the compliance determination requirements in paragraphs (m)(6)(i) and (ii) and (m)(7) of this section; the capture system monitoring requirements in paragraph (m)(8) of this section; the recordkeeping requirements in paragraphs (m)(9)(i) through (viii) of this section; and the reporting requirements in paragraphs (m)(10)(i) through (iv) of this section no later than January 1, 2018.
(ii) The owner/operator of each batch copper converter and the electric furnace identified in paragraph (m)(1) of this section shall comply with all requirements of this paragraph (m) except those listed in paragraph (m)(5)(i) of this section no later than September 2, 2016.
(6) Compliance determination--(i) Continuous emission monitoring system. At all times after the compliance date specified in paragraph (m)(5) of this section, the owner/operator of each batch copper converter identified in paragraph (m)(1) of this section shall maintain, calibrate, and operate a CEMS, in full compliance with the requirements found at 40 CFR 60.13 and 40 CFR part 60, appendices B and F, to accurately measure the mass emission rate in pounds per hour of SO2 emissions entering each control device used to control emissions from the converters, and venting from the converters to the atmosphere after passing through a control device or an uncontrolled bypass stack. The CEMS shall be used by the owner/operator to determine compliance with the emission limitation in paragraph (m)(4)(i) of this section. The owner/operator must operate the monitoring system and collect data at all required intervals at all times that an affected unit is operating, except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments).
(i) Continuous emission monitoring system. At all times after the compliance date specified in paragraph (m)(5) of this section, the owner/operator of each batch copper converter identified in paragraph (m)(1) of this section shall maintain, calibrate, and operate a CEMS, in full compliance with the requirements found at 40 CFR 60.13 and 40 CFR part 60, appendices B and F, to accurately measure the mass emission rate in pounds per hour of SO2 emissions entering each control device used to control emissions from the converters, and venting from the converters to the atmosphere after passing through a control device or an uncontrolled bypass stack. The CEMS shall be used by the owner/operator to determine compliance with the emission limitation in paragraph (m)(4)(i) of this section. The owner/operator must operate the monitoring system and collect data at all required intervals at all times that an affected unit is operating, except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments).
(ii) Compliance determination for SO2. The 365-day rolling SO2 emission control efficiency for the converters shall be calculated for each calendar day in accordance with the following procedure: Step one, sum the hourly pounds of SO2 vented to each uncontrolled bypass stack and to each control device used to control emissions from the converters for the current calendar day and the preceding three-hundred-sixty-four (364) calendar days, to calculate the total pounds of pre-control SO2 emissions over the most recent three-hundred-sixty-five (365) calendar day period; Step two, sum the hourly pounds of SO2 vented to each uncontrolled bypass stack and emitted from the release point of each control device used to control emissions from the converters for the current calendar day and the preceding three-hundred-sixty-four (364) calendar days, to calculate the total pounds of post-control SO2 emissions over the most recent three-hundred-sixty-five (365) calendar day period; Step three, divide the total amount of post-control SO2 emissions calculated from Step two by the total amount of pre-control SO2 emissions calculated from Step one, subtract the resulting ratio from one, and multiply the difference by 100 percent to calculate the 365-day rolling SO2 emission control efficiency as a percentage.
(iii) Compliance determination for nonsulfuric acid particulate matter. Compliance with the emission limit for nonsulfuric acid particulate matter in paragraph (m)(4)(ii) of this section shall be demonstrated by the procedures in 40 CFR 63.1451(b) and 63.1453(a)(2). The owner/operator shall conduct an initial compliance test within 180 days after the compliance date specified in paragraph (m)(5) of this section unless a test performed according to the procedures in 40 CFR 63.1450 in the past year shows compliance with the limit.
(iv) Compliance determination for NOX. Compliance with the emission limit for NOX in paragraph (m)(4)(iii) of this section shall be demonstrated by monitoring natural gas consumption in each of the units identified in paragraph (m)(1) of this section for each calendar day. At the end of each calendar month, the owner/operator shall calculate monthly and 12-consecutive month NOX emissions by multiplying the daily natural gas consumption rates for each unit by an approved emission factor and adding the sums for all units over the previous 12-consecutive month period.
(7) Alternatives to requirements to install CEMS. The requirement in paragraph (m)(6)(i) of this section to install CEMS to measure the mass of SO2 entering a control device or venting to the atmosphere through uncontrolled bypass stacks will be waived if the owner/operator complies with one of the options in this paragraph (m)(7).
(i) Acid plants. The owner/operator may calculate the pounds of SO2 entering an acid plant during a calendar day by adding the pounds of SO2 emitted through the acid plant tail stack and 0.653 times the daily production of anhydrous sulfuric acid from the acid plant.
(ii) Alkali scrubber. The owner/operator may calculate the pounds of SO2 entering an alkali scrubber during a calendar day by using the following equation: Min,SO2 = Mout,SO2 + SF*Malk Where: Min,SO2 is the calculated mass of SO2 entering the
scrubber during a calendar day;Mout,SO2 is the mass of SO2 emitted through the
scrubber stack measured by the CEMS for the calendar day;SF is a stoichiometric factor; andMalk is the mass of alkali added to the scrubber liquor
during the calendar day. SF shall equal: 1.14 if the alkali species is calcium oxide (CaO); 1.59 if the alkali species is magnesium oxide (MgO);0.801 if the alkali species is sodium hydroxide (NaOH); orAnother value if the owner/operator has received approval from the
Regional Administrator in advance.
(iii) Uncontrolled bypass stack. The owner/operator may calculate the pounds of SO2 venting to the atmosphere through an uncontrolled bypass stack based on test data provided the facility operates according to a startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan consistent with 40 CFR 63.6(e)(3) and EPA has approved a calculation methodology for planned and unplanned bypass events.
(8) Capture system monitoring. For each operating limit established under the capture system operation and maintenance plan required by paragraph (m)(3) of this section, the owner/operator must install, operate, and maintain an appropriate monitoring device according to the requirements in 40 CFR 63.1452(a)(1) though (6) to measure and record the operating limit value or setting at all times the required capture system is operating. Dampers that are manually set and remain in the same position at all times the capture system is operating are exempted from these monitoring requirements.
(9) Recordkeeping. The owner/operator shall maintain the following records for at least five years:
(i) All CEMS data, including the date, place, and time of sampling or measurement; parameters sampled or measured; and results.
(ii) Records of quality assurance and quality control activities for emissions measuring systems including, but not limited to, any records required by 40 CFR part 60, appendix F, Procedure 1.
(iii) Records of all major maintenance activities conducted on emission units, air pollution control equipment, and CEMS.
(iv) Any other records required by 40 CFR part 60, subpart F, or 40 CFR part 60, appendix F, Procedure 1.
(v) Records of all monitoring required by paragraph (m)(8) of this section.
(vi) Records of daily sulfuric acid production in tons per day of pure, anhydrous sulfuric acid if the owner/operator chooses to use the alternative compliance determination method in paragraph (m)(7)(i) of this section.
(vii) Records of daily alkali consumption in tons per day of pure, anhydrous alkali if the owner/operator chooses to use the alternative compliance determination method in paragraph (m)(7)(ii) of this section.
(viii) Records of planned and unplanned bypass events and calculations used to determine emissions from bypass events if the owner/operator chooses to use the alternative compliance determination method in paragraph (m)(7)(iii) of this section.
(ix) Records of daily natural gas consumption in each units identified in paragraph (m)(1) of this section and all calculations performed to demonstrate compliance with the limit in paragraph (m)(4)(iv) of this section.
(10) Reporting. All reports required under this section shall be submitted by the owner/operator to the Director, Enforcement Division (Mail Code ENF-2-1), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 9, 75 Hawthorne Street, San Francisco, California 94105-3901. All reports required under this section shall be submitted within 30 days after the applicable compliance date in paragraph (m)(5) of this section and at least semiannually thereafter, within 30 days after the end of a semiannual period. The owner/operator may submit reports more frequently than semiannually for the purposes of synchronizing reports required under this section with other reporting requirements, such as the title V monitoring report required by 40 CFR 70.6(a)(3)(iii)(A), but at no point shall the duration of a semiannual period exceed six months.
(i) The owner/operator shall promptly submit excess emissions reports for the SO2 limit. Excess emissions means emissions that exceed the emissions limit specified in paragraph (d) of this section. The reports shall include the magnitude, date(s), and duration of each period of excess emissions, specific identification of each period of excess emissions that occurs during startups, shutdowns, and malfunctions of the unit, the nature and cause of any malfunction (if known), and the corrective action taken or preventative measures adopted. For the purpose of this paragraph (m)(10)(i), promptly shall mean within 30 days after the end of the month in which the excess emissions were discovered.
(ii) The owner/operator shall submit CEMS performance reports, to include dates and duration of each period during which the CEMS was inoperative (except for zero and span adjustments and calibration checks), reason(s) why the CEMS was inoperative and steps taken to prevent recurrence, and any CEMS repairs or adjustments. The owner/operator shall submit reports semiannually.
(iii) The owner/operator shall also submit results of any CEMS performance tests required by 40 CFR part 60, appendix F, Procedure 1 (Relative Accuracy Test Audits, Relative Accuracy Audits, and Cylinder Gas Audits).
(iv) When no excess emissions have occurred or the CEMS has not been inoperative, repaired, or adjusted during the reporting period, the owner/operator shall state such information in the semiannual report.
(v) When performance testing is required to determine compliance with an emission limit in paragraph (m)(4) of this section, the owner/operator shall submit test reports as specified in 40 CFR part 63, subpart A.
(11) Notifications.
(i) The owner/operator shall notify EPA of commencement of construction of any equipment which is being constructed to comply with the capture or emission limits in paragraph (m)(3) or (4) of this section.
(ii) The owner/operator shall submit semiannual progress reports on construction of any such equipment.
(iii) The owner/operator shall submit notification of initial startup of any such equipment.
(12) Equipment operations. At all times, including periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction, the owner or operator shall, to the extent practicable, maintain and operate the unit including associated air pollution control equipment in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions. Pollution control equipment shall be designed and capable of operating properly to minimize emissions during all expected operating conditions. Determination of whether acceptable operating and maintenance procedures are being used will be based on information available to the Regional Administrator which may include, but is not limited to, monitoring results, review of operating and maintenance procedures, and inspection of the unit.
(13) Enforcement. Notwithstanding any other provision in this implementation plan, any credible evidence or information relevant as to whether the unit would have been in compliance with applicable requirements if the appropriate performance or compliance test had been performed, can be used to establish whether or not the owner or operator has violated or is in violation of any standard or applicable emission limit in the plan. Appendix A to Sec. 52.145--Cement Kiln Control Technology Demonstration
Requirements
I. Scope
1. The owner/operator shall comply with the requirements contained in this appendix for implementing combustion and process optimization measures and in proposing and establishing rolling 30-kiln operating day limits for nitrogen oxide (NOX).
2. The owner/operator shall take the following steps to establish rolling 30-kiln operating day limits for NOX.
a. Design Report: At least 6 months prior to commencing construction of an ammonia injection system, the owner/operator shall prepare and submit to EPA for review a Design Report for the ammonia injection system.
b. Baseline Data Collection: Prior to initiating operation of an ammonia injection system, the owner/operator shall either: (i) Collect new baseline emissions and operational data for a 180-day period; or (ii) submit for EPA review baseline emissions and operational data from a period prior to the date of any baseline data collection period. Such baseline emissions and operational data shall be representative of the full range of normal kiln operations, including regular operating changes in raw mix chemistry due to different clinker manufacture, changes in production levels, and operation of the oxygen plants.
c. Optimization Protocol: Prior to commencement of the Optimization Period, the owner/operator shall submit for EPA review an Optimization Protocol which shall include the procedures to be used for the purpose of adjusting operating parameters and minimizing emissions.
d. Optimization Period: Following completion of installation of an ammonia injection system, the owner/operator shall undertake a startup and optimization period for the ammonia injection system.
e. Optimization Report: Within 60 calendar days following the conclusion of the Optimization Program, the owner/operator shall submit to EPA an Optimization Report demonstrating conformance with the Optimization Protocol, and establishing optimized operating parameters for the ammonia injection system as well as other facility processes.
f. Demonstration Period: Upon completion of the optimization period specified above, the owner/operator shall operate the ammonia injection system in a manner consistent with the optimization period for a period of 270 kiln operating days (subject to being shortened or lengthened as provided for in Items 17 and 18 of this appendix) for the purpose of establishing a rolling 30-kiln operating day limit.
g. Demonstration Report: The owner/operator shall prepare and submit to EPA for review, a report following completion of the demonstration period for the ammonia injection system.
II. Design Report
3. Prior to commencing construction of the ammonia injection system, the owner/operator shall submit to EPA for review a Design Report for the ammonia injection system. The owner/operator shall design the ammonia injection system to deliver the proposed reagent to the exhaust gases at the rate of at least 1.2 mols of reagent to 1.0 mols of NOX (1.2:1 molar ratio). The system shall be designed to inject Ammonia into the kiln exhaust gas stream. The owner/operator shall specify in the Design Report the reagent(s) selected, the locations selected for reagent injection, and other design parameters based on maximum emission reduction effectiveness, good engineering judgment, vendor standards, available data, kiln operability, and regulatory restrictions on reagent storage and use.
4. Any permit application which may be required under state or federal law for the ammonia injection system shall be consistent with the Design Report.
III. Baseline Data Collection
5. Prior to commencement of continuous operation of the ammonia injection system, the owner/operator shall either: (a) Collect new baseline emissions and operational data for a 180-day period; or (b) submit for EPA review existing baseline emissions and operational data collected from a period of time prior to the initiation of a baseline collection period. Such baseline emissions and operational data shall include the data required by Item 8 below for periods of time representing the full range of normal kiln operations including changes in raw mix chemistry due to differing clinker manufacture, changes in production levels and operation of the oxygen plants. Within 45 Days following the completion of the baseline data collection period, the owner/operator shall submit to EPA the baseline data collected during the Baseline Data Collection Period.
IV. Optimization Period
6. The owner/operator shall install, operate, and collect NOX emissions data from a CEMS in accordance with Sec. 52.145(k)(7)(i), reagent injection data in accordance with Sec. 52.145(k)(7)(ii)(D), and other operational data prior to commencement of the Optimization Period.
7. During the Baseline Data Collection Period (if the owner/operator elects to collect new data) and the Optimization Period, the owner/operator shall operate the Kiln in a manner necessary to produce a quality cement clinker product. The owner/operator shall not be expected to operate the Kiln within normal operating parameters during periods of Kiln Malfunction, Startup and Shutdown. The owner/operator shall not intentionally adjust kiln operating parameters to increase the rate of emission (expressed as lb/ton of clinker produced) for NOX. Increases or variability in the Kiln feed sulfur content, fuel and other raw materials composition including imported raw materials, resulting from the inherent variability within the onsite quarries and imported materials shall not constitute an intentional increase in emission rate.
8. The data to be collected during the Baseline Data Collection Period (if the owner/operator elects to collect baseline data) and the Optimization Period will include the following information either derived from available direct monitoring or as estimated from monitored or measured data:
a. Kiln flue gas temperature at the inlet to the fabric filter or at the Kiln stack (daily average);
b. Kiln production rate in tons of clinker (daily total) by type;
c. Raw material feed rate in tons (daily total) by type;
d. Type and percentage of each raw material used and the total feed rate (daily);
e. NOX and CO concentrations (dry basis) and mass rates for the Kiln (daily average for concentrations and daily totals for mass rates) as measured at the Kiln stack gas analyzer location;
f. Flue gas volumetric flow rate (daily average in dry acfm);
g. Sulfate in feed (calculated to a daily average percentage);
h. Feed burnability (C3S) (at least daily). In the event that more than one type of clinker is produced, the feed burnability for each clinker type will be included;
i. Temperatures in or near the burning zone (by infrared or optical pyrometer);
j. Kiln system fuel feed rate and type of fuel by weight or heat input rate (calculated to a daily average);
k. Fuel distribution, an estimate of how much is injected at each location (daily average);
l. Kiln amps (daily average);
m. Kiln system draft fan settings and primary air blower flow rates;
n. Documentation of any Startup, Shutdown, or Malfunction events;
o. An explanation of any gaps in the data or missing data; and
p. Amount of oxygen generated and introduced into the Kiln (lb/day).
9. The owner/operator shall submit the data to EPA in an electronic format and shall explain the reasons for any data not collected for each of the parameters. The owner/operator shall report all data in a format consistent with and able to be manipulated by Microsoft Excel.
10. Prior to commencement of the Optimization Period, the owner/operator shall submit to EPA for review a protocol (``Optimization Protocol'') for optimizing the ammonia injection system, including optimization of the operational parameters resulting in the minimization of emissions of NOX to the greatest extent practicable without violating any limits. The Protocol shall describe procedures to be used during the Optimization Period to optimize the facility processes to minimize emissions from the kiln and adjust ammonia injection system operating parameters, and shall include the following:
a. The following measures to optimize the facility's processes to reduce NOx emissions in conjunction with the ammonia injection system:
i. Adjustment of the balance between fuel supplied to the existing riser duct burner and the existing calciner burners to improve overall combustion within the calciner while maintaining product quality;
ii. Adjustments to the calciner combustion to ensure complete fuel burning, which will help to both reduce CO and improve NOx levels by, at a minimum:
1. Adjusting fuel fineness to improve the degree of combustion completed in the calciner; and
2. Adjusting the proportions of primary, secondary and tertiary air supplied to the kiln system while maintaining product quality; and
iii. Adjustments to the raw mix chemical and physical properties using onsite raw materials to improve kiln stability and maintain product quality, including but not limited to, fineness of the raw mix. As part of this optimization measure, the owner/operator shall take additional measurements using existing monitoring equipment at relevant process locations to evaluate the impact of raw mix refinements.
b. The range of reagent injection rates (as a molar ratio of the average pollutant concentration);
c. Sampling and testing programs that will be undertaken during the initial reagent injection rate period;
d. A plan to increase the reagent injection rate to identify the injection rates with the maximum emission reduction effectiveness and associated sampling and testing programs for each increase in the reagent rate. The owner/operator shall test, at a minimum, for the ammonia injection system at molar ratios of 0.75, 1.0, and 1.20. If data collected at the highest molar ratio indicates decreasing lb/ton emissions, the owner/operator shall continue to test the ammonia injection system by increasing the molar ratio by increments of 0.10 until either the lb/ton emission data indicates no significant decrease from the previous increment, or adverse effects are observed (e.g., ammonia slip emissions above 10 ppm, presence of a secondary particulate plume, impaired product, impaired kiln operations).
e. The factors that will determine the optimum reagent injection rates and pollutant emission reductions (including maintenance of Kiln, productivity, and product quality); and
f. Evaluation of any observed synergistic effects on Kiln emissions, Kiln operation, reagent slippage, or product quality from the ammonia injection system.
11. As part of the Optimization Protocol, the owner/operator shall submit to EPA a schedule for optimizing each the ammonia injection system parameters identified in Item 10 of this appendix. The schedule shall indicate the total duration of the Optimization period, and must optimize each identified parameter for the following minimum amounts of time: ------------------------------------------------------------------------
Minimum
optimization
Parameter period
(operating
days)------------------------------------------------------------------------Fuel usage between riser duct burner and calciner 15
burners................................................Calciner combustion..................................... 45Raw mix chemical and physical properties stabilization.. 45Setup of SNCR, initial operation of reagent injection, 60
and calibration........................................------------------------------------------------------------------------
12. Within 60 days following the termination of the Optimization Period(s), the owner/operator shall submit to EPA for review an Optimization Report demonstrating conformance with the Optimization Protocol for the ammonia injection system and establishing the optimized operating parameters for the facility processes and the ammonia injection system determined under the Optimization Protocol, including optimized injection rates for all reagents. The owner/operator may take into account energy, environmental, and economic impacts and other costs in proposing the optimized state of the ammonia injection system, including the injection rates of reagents, and the operating parameters for the facility processes. The owner/operator may also include in the Optimization Report a discussion of any problems encountered during the Optimization Period, and how that problem may impact the potential emission reductions (e.g. the quantity of reagent slip at varying injection rates and/or the possible observance of a detached plume above the Stack).
13. Optimization Targets: Except as otherwise provided in this Item and in Item 14 of this appendix, the ammonia injection system shall be deemed to be optimized if the Optimization Report demonstrates that the ammonia injection system during periods of normal operation has achieved emission reductions consistent with its maximum design stoichiometric rate identified in the Design Report.
14. Notwithstanding the provisions of Item 13 of this appendix, the ammonia injection system may be deemed to be optimized at a lower rate of emission reductions than that identified in Item 13 of this appendix if the Optimization Report demonstrates that, during periods of normal operation, a lower rate of emission reductions cannot be sustained after all parameters and injection rates are optimized during the Optimization Period without creating a meaningful risk of impairing product quality, impairing Kiln system reliability, impairing compliance with a maximum ammonia slip emissions limit of 10 ppm or other permitted levels, or forming a detached plume.
15. During the Optimization Period, the owner/operator, to the extent practicable and applicable, shall operate the ammonia injection system in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practice consistent with 40 CFR 60.11(d). The owner/operator will adjust its optimization of the ammonia injection system as may be necessary to avoid, mitigate or abate an identifiable non-compliance with an emission limitation or standard for pollutants other than NOx. In the event the owner/operator determines, prior to the expiration of the Optimization Period, that its ability to optimize the ammonia injection system will be affected by potential impairments to product quality, kiln system reliability or increased emissions of other pollutants, then the owner/operator shall promptly advise EPA of this determination, and include these considerations as part of its recommendation in its Optimization Report.
V. Demonstration Period
16. The Demonstration Period shall commence within 7 days after the owner/operator's receipt of final comments from EPA on the Optimization Report. During the Demonstration Period, the owner/operator shall operate the ammonia injection system for a period of 270 Operating Days consistent with the optimized operations of the Facility and the ammonia injection system as contained in the Optimization Report. This 270 Operating Day Demonstration Period may be shortened or lengthened as provided for in Items 17 and 18 of this appendix.
17. If Kiln Operation is disrupted by excessive unplanned outages, or excessive Startups and Shutdowns during the Demonstration Period, or if the Kiln temporarily ceases operation for business or technical reasons, the owner/operator may advise EPA that it is necessary to temporarily extend the Demonstration Period. Data gathered during periods of disruption may not be used to determine an emission limitation.
18. If evidence arises during the Demonstration Period that product quality, kiln system reliability, or emission compliance with an emission limitation or standard is impaired by reason of longer term operation of the ammonia injection system in a manner consistent with the parameters identified in the Optimization Report, then the owner/operator may, upon notice to EPA, temporarily modify the manner of operation of the facility process or the ammonia injection system to mitigate the effects and, if necessary, notify EPA that the owner/operator will suspend or extend the Demonstration Period for further technical evaluation of the effects of a process optimization or permanently modify the manner of operation of the ammonia injection system to mitigate the effects.
19. During the Demonstration Period, the owner/operator shall collect the same data as required in Item 8 of this appendix. The Demonstration Report shall include the data collected as required in this Item.
20. Within 60 Days following completion of the Demonstration Period for the ammonia injection system, the owner/operator shall submit a Demonstration Report to EPA, based upon and including all of the data collected during the Demonstration Period including data from Startup, Shutdown and Malfunction events, that identifies a proposed 30-kiln operating day emission limit for NOX. The 30-kiln operating day emission limit for NOX shall be based upon an analysis of CEMS data and clinker production data collected during the Demonstration Period, while the process and ammonia injection system parameters were optimized in determining the proposed final Emission Limit(s) achievable for the Facility. Total pounds of an affected pollutant emitted during an individual Operating Day will be calculated from collected CEMS data for that Day. Hours or Days when there is no Kiln Operation may be excluded from the analyses. However, the owner/operator shall provide an explanation in the Demonstration Report(s) for any data excluded from the analyses. In any event, the owner/operator shall include all data required to be collected during the Demonstration Period in the Final Demonstration Report(s).
21. The owner/operator shall propose a 30-kiln operating day emission limit for NOx in the Demonstration Report(s) as provided in Item 20 of this appendix. This 30-kiln operating day emission limit shall be calculated in accordance with the following formula: X = [micro] + 1.65[sigma] Where: X = 30-Day Rolling Average Emission Limit (lb/Ton of clinker);[micro] = arithmetic mean of all of the 30-Day rolling averages;[sigma] = standard deviation of all of the 30-Day rolling averages, as
calculated in the following manner:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR03SE14.004
Where: N = The total number of rolling 30-kiln operating day emission rates; xi = Each rolling 30-kiln operating day emission rate;x = The mean value of all of the rolling 30-kiln operating day emission
rates.
22. Supporting data required to be submitted under this appendix may contain information relative to kiln operation and production that the owner/operator may consider to be proprietary. In such a situation, the owner/operator may submit the information to EPA as CBI, subject to the provisions of 40 CFR part 2. [50 FR 28553, July 12, 1985, as amended at 52 FR 45137, Nov. 24, 1987; 56 FR 50186, Oct. 3, 1991; 61 FR 14975, Apr. 4, 1996; 77 FR 72577, Dec. 5, 2012; 78 FR 46175, July 30, 2013; 78 FR 48330, Aug. 8, 2013; 79 FR 52479, Sept. 3, 2014; 80 FR 19225, Apr. 10, 2015; 80 FR 21179, Apr. 17, 2015]