Essential fish habitat (EFH) is identified for anadromous Pacific salmon stocks managed by the Pacific Fishery Management Council (PFMC) under the Pacific Coast Salmon Fishery Management Plan (FMP). These managed salmon include most of the Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) stocks and all of the coho salmon (O. kisutch) stocks from Washington, Oregon, Idaho, and California; as well as pink salmon (O. gorbuscha) stocks originating from watersheds within Puget Sound east of, and including, the Elwha River. The geographic extent of freshwater EFH is specifically identified in the FMP as all water bodies currently or historically occupied by PFMC-managed salmon in Washington, Oregon, Idaho, and California; including aquatic areas above all artificial barriers that are not specifically excluded. Freshwater EFH, identified in Table 1 of this subpart H, is described using fourth field hydrologic unit codes developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (defined in U.S. Geological Survey and U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service: Federal guidelines, requirements, and procedures for the national Watershed Boundary Dataset: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 11-A3, 2009). Table 1 also identifies the dams that represent the upstream extent of EFH in each hydrologic unit.
(a) Chinook salmon EFH includes all water bodies currently or historically occupied by PFMC-managed Chinook salmon in Washington, Oregon, Idaho, and California as identified in Table 1 of this subpart. Chinook salmon EFH also includes the estuarine and marine areas extending from the extreme high tide line in nearshore and tidal submerged environments within state territorial waters out to the full extent of the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) (200 nautical miles) offshore of Washington, Oregon, and California north of Point Conception; and the marine areas of Alaska that are designated as Chinook salmon EFH by the North Pacific Fishery Management Council (NPFMC), for stocks that are also managed by the PFMC.
(b) Coho salmon EFH includes all water bodies currently or historically occupied by PFMC-managed coho salmon in Washington, Oregon, Idaho, and California as identified in Table 1 of this subpart. Coho salmon EFH also includes the estuarine and marine areas extending from the extreme high tide line in nearshore and tidal submerged environments within state territorial waters out to the full extent of the EEZ (200 nautical miles) offshore of Washington, Oregon, and California north of Point Conception; and the marine areas of Alaska that are designated as coho salmon EFH by the NPFMC, for stocks that are also managed by the PFMC.
(c) Puget Sound pink salmon EFH includes all water bodies currently or historically occupied by PFMC-managed Puget Sound pink salmon in Washington State as identified in Table 1 of this subpart. Puget Sound pink salmon EFH also includes the estuarine and marine areas extending from the extreme high tide line in nearshore and tidal submerged environments within state territorial waters north and east of Cape Flattery, Washington, including Puget Sound, the Strait of Juan de Fuca and Strait of Georgia; the waters of the U.S. EEZ north of 48[deg] N latitude to the U.S.-Canada border; and marine areas of Alaska that are designated as pink salmon EFH by the NPFMC, for stocks that are also managed by the PFMC. [79 FR 75450, Dec. 18, 2014] Sec. Table 1 to Subpart H of Part 660--Pacific Salmon EFH Identified by
USGS Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4th Field hydrologic unit Hydrologic unit Chinook Coho Puget Sound Impassable
code name State(s) salmon salmon pink salmon dam(s)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------17020005.................... Chief Joseph.... WA............. X X ........... Chief Joseph
Dam.17020006.................... Okanogan........ WA............. X ....... ........... n/a.17020007.................... Similkameen..... WA............. X ....... ........... n/a.17020008.................... Methow.......... WA............. X X ........... n/a.17020009.................... Lake Chelan..... WA............. X ....... ........... n/a.17020010.................... Upper Columbia- WA............. X X ........... n/a.
Entiat.17020011.................... Wenatchee....... WA............. X X ........... n/a.17020012.................... Moses Coulee.... WA............. X X ........... n/a.17020015.................... Lower Crab...... WA............. X ....... ........... n/a.17020016.................... Upper Columbia- WA............. X X ........... n/a.
Priest Rapids.17030001.................... Upper Yakima.... WA............. X X ........... Keechelus Dam
Kachess Dam
(Kachess
River).17030002.................... Naches.......... WA............. X X ........... Rimrock Dam
(Tieton
River).17030003.................... Lower Yakima.... WA............. X X ........... n/a.17060101.................... Hells Canyon.... OR/ID.......... X ....... ........... Hells Canyon
Dam.17060102.................... Imnaha River.... OR/ID.......... X ....... ........... n/a.17060103.................... Lower Snake- OR/WA/ID....... X X ........... n/a.
Asotin.17060104.................... Upper Grande OR............. X X ........... n/a.
Ronde River.17060105.................... Wallowa River... OR............. X X ........... n/a.17060106.................... Lower Grande OR/WA.......... X X ........... n/a.
Ronde.17060107.................... Lower Snake- WA............. X X ........... n/a.
Tucannon.17060108.................... Palouse River... WA............. X ....... ........... n/a.17060110.................... Lower Snake WA............. X X ........... n/a.
River.17060201.................... Upper Salmon.... ID............. X ....... ........... n/a.17060202.................... Pahsimeroi...... ID............. X ....... ........... n/a.17060203.................... Middle Salmon- ID............. X ....... ........... n/a.
Panther.17060204.................... Lemhi........... ID............. X ....... ........... n/a.17060205.................... Upper Middle ID............. X ....... ........... n/a.
Fork Salmon.17060206.................... Lower Middle ID............. X ....... ........... n/a.
Fork Salmon.17060207.................... Middle Salmon- ID............. X ....... ........... n/a.
Chamberlain.17060208.................... South Fork ID............. X ....... ........... n/a.
Salmon.17060209.................... Lower Salmon.... ID............. X ....... ........... n/a.17060210.................... Little Salmon... ID............. X ....... ........... n/a.17060301.................... Upper Selway.... ID............. X X ........... n/a.17060302.................... Lower Selway.... ID............. X X ........... n/a.17060303.................... Lochsa.......... ID............. X ....... ........... n/a.17060304.................... Middle Fork ID............. X X ........... n/a.
Clearwater.17060305.................... South Fork ID............. X X ........... n/a.
Clearwater.17060306.................... Clearwater...... WA/ID.......... X X ........... n/a.17060308.................... Lower North Fork ID............. X ....... ........... Dworshak Dam.
Clearwater.17070101.................... Middle Columbia- OR/WA.......... X X ........... n/a.
Lake Wallula.17070103.................... Umatilla........ OR............. X X ........... McKay Dam
(McKay Creek).17070105.................... Middle Columbia- OR/WA.......... X X ........... n/a.
Hood.17070106.................... Klickitat....... WA............. X X ........... n/a.17070306.................... Lower Deschutes. OR............. X X ........... n/a.17080001.................... Lower Columbia- OR/WA.......... X X ........... Bull Run Dam
Sandy. 2.17080002.................... Lewis........... WA............. X X ........... n/a.17080003.................... Lower Columbia- OR/WA.......... X X ........... n/a.
Clatskanie.17080004.................... Upper Cowlitz... WA............. X X ........... n/a.17080005.................... Cowlitz......... WA............. X X ........... n/a.17080006.................... Lower Columbia.. OR/WA.......... X X ........... n/a.17090001.................... Middle Fork OR............. X ....... ........... n/a.
Willamette.17090002.................... Coast Fork OR............. X ....... ........... Dorena Dam.
Willamette.17090003.................... Upper Willamette OR............. X X ........... n/a.17090004.................... McKenzie........ OR............. X X ........... Cougar Dam.\1\17090005.................... North Santiam... OR............. X X ........... Big Cliff
Dam.\2\17090006.................... South Santiam... OR............. X X ........... n/a.17090007.................... Middle OR............. X X ........... n/a.
Willamette.17090008.................... Yamhill......... OR............. X X ........... n/a.
17090009.................... Molalla-Pudding. OR............. X X ........... n/a.17090010.................... Tualatin........ OR............. X X ........... n/a.17090011.................... Clackamas....... OR............. X X ........... n/a.17090012.................... Lower Willamette OR............. X X ........... n/a.17100101.................... Hoh-Quillayute.. WA............. X X ........... n/a.17100102.................... Queets-Quinault. WA............. X X ........... n/a.17100103.................... Upper Chehalis.. WA............. X X ........... n/a.17100104.................... Lower Chehalis.. WA............. X X ........... n/a.17100105.................... Grays Harbor.... WA............. X X ........... n/a.17100106.................... Willapa......... WA............. X X ........... n/a.17100201.................... Necanicum....... OR............. X X ........... n/a.17100202.................... Nehalem......... OR............. X X ........... n/a.17100203.................... Wilson-Trask- OR............. X X ........... n/a.
Nestucca.17100204.................... Siletz-Yaquina.. OR............. X X ........... n/a.17100205.................... Alsea........... OR............. X X ........... n/a.17100206.................... Siuslaw......... OR............. X X ........... n/a.17100207.................... Siltcoos........ OR............. ........ X ........... n/a.17100301.................... North Umpqua.... OR............. X X ........... n/a.17100302.................... South Umpqua.... OR............. X X ........... n/a.17100303.................... Umpqua.......... OR............. X X ........... n/a.17100304.................... Coos............ OR............. X X ........... n/a.17100305.................... Coquille........ OR............. X X ........... n/a.17100306.................... Sixes........... OR............. X X ........... n/a.17100307.................... Upper Rogue..... OR............. X X ........... Lost Creek Dam.17100308.................... Middle Rogue.... OR............. X X ........... Emigrant Dam.17100309.................... Applegate....... CA/OR.......... X X ........... Applegate Dam.17100310.................... Lower Rogue..... OR............. X X ........... n/a.17100311.................... Illinois........ CA/OR.......... X X ........... n/a.17100312.................... Chetco.......... CA/OR.......... X X ........... n/a.17110001.................... Fraser.......... WA............. X X ........... n/a.17110002.................... Strait Of WA............. X X X n/a.
Georgia.17110003.................... San Juan Islands WA............. ........ X ........... n/a.17110004.................... Nooksack........ WA............. X X X n/a.17110005.................... Upper Skagit.... WA............. X X X Gorge Lake Dam.17110006.................... Sauk............ WA............. X X X n/a.17110007.................... Lower Skagit.... WA............. X X X n/a.17110008.................... Stillaguamish... WA............. X X X n/a.17110009.................... Skykomish....... WA............. X X X n/a.17110010.................... Snoqualmie...... WA............. X X X Tolt Dam (S.
Fork Tolt
River).17110011.................... Snohomish....... WA............. X X X n/a.17110012.................... Lake Washington. WA............. X X ........... Cedar Falls
(Masonry) Dam
(Cedar River).17110013.................... Duwamish........ WA............. X X X n/a.17110014.................... Puyallup........ WA............. X X X n/a.17110015.................... Nisqually....... WA............. X X X n/a.17110016.................... Deschutes....... WA............. X X ........... n/a.17110017.................... Skokomish....... WA............. X X X n/a.17110018.................... Hood Canal...... WA............. X X X n/a.17110019.................... Puget Sound..... WA............. X X X n/a.17110020.................... Dungeness-Elwha. WA............. X X X n/a.17110021.................... Crescent-Hoko... WA............. X X ........... n/a.18010101.................... Smith River..... CA/OR.......... X X ........... n/a.18010102.................... Mad-Redwood..... CA............. X X ........... Robert W.
Matthews Dam.18010103.................... Upper Eel....... CA............. X X ........... Scott Dam.18010104.................... Middle Fork Eel. CA............. X X ........... n/a.18010105.................... Lower Eel....... CA............. X X ........... n/a.18010106.................... South Fork Eel.. CA............. X X ........... n/a.18010107.................... Mattole......... CA............. X X ........... n/a.18010108.................... Big-Navarro- CA............. X X ........... n/a.
Garcia.18010109.................... Gualala-Salmon.. CA............. X X ........... n/a.18010110.................... Russian......... CA............. X X ........... Coyote Valley
Dam (E. Fork
Russian R.)
Warm Springs
Dam (Dry Cr.).18010206.................... Upper Klamath... CA/OR.......... X X ........... Keno Dam.18010207.................... Shasta.......... CA............. X X ........... Dwinnell Dam.18010208.................... Scott........... CA............. X X ........... n/a.18010209.................... Lower Klamath... CA/OR.......... X X ........... n/a.18010210.................... Salmon.......... CA............. X X ........... n/a.18010211.................... Trinity......... CA............. X X ........... Lewiston Dam.18010212.................... South Fork CA............. X X ........... n/a.
Trinity.18020104.................... Sacramento-Stone CA............. X ....... ........... n/a.
Corral.18020111.................... Lower American.. CA............. X ....... ........... Nimbus Dam.
18020115.................... Upper Stony..... CA............. X ....... ........... Black Butte
Dam.18020116.................... Upper Cache..... CA............. X ....... ........... Capay Dam.\3\18020125.................... Upper Yuba...... CA............. X ....... ........... n/a.18020126.................... Upper Bear...... CA............. X ....... ........... Camp Far West
Dam.18020151.................... Cow Creek....... CA............. X ....... ........... n/a.18020152.................... Cottonwood Creek CA............. X ....... ........... n/a.18020153.................... Battle Creek.... CA............. X ....... ........... n/a.18020154.................... Clear Creek- CA............. X ....... ........... Keswick Dam
Sacramento (Sacramento
River. R.),
Whiskeytown
Dam (Clear
Creek).18020155.................... Paynes Creek- CA............. X ....... ........... n/a.
Sacramento
River.18020156.................... Thomes Creek- CA............. X ....... ........... n/a.
Sacramento
River.18020157.................... Big Chico Creek- CA............. X ....... ........... n/a.
Sacramento
River.18020158.................... Butte Creek..... CA............. X ....... ........... n/a.18020159.................... Honcut CA............. X ....... ........... Feather River
Headwaters- Fish Barrier
Lower Feather. Dam.18020161.................... Upper Coon-Upper CA............. X ....... ........... n/a.
Auburn \4\18020162.................... Upper Putah..... CA............. X ....... ........... Monticello Dam.18020163.................... Lower Sacramento CA............. X ....... ........... n/a.18040001.................... Middle San CA............. X ....... ........... Buchanan Dam
Joaquin-Lower (Chowchilla
Chowchilla \5\ River), Bear
Dam (Bear
Creek), Owens
Dam (Owens
Creek)
Mariposa Dam.18040002.................... Lower San CA............. X ....... ........... n/a.
Joaquin River
\5\18040003.................... San Joaquin CA............. X ....... ........... n/a.
Delta.18040007.................... Fresno River.... CA............. X ....... ........... Hidden Dam.18040008.................... Upper Merced.... CA............. X ....... ........... Crocker-Huffman
Diversion Dam.18040009.................... Upper Tuolumne.. CA............. X ....... ........... La Grange Dam
(Tuolumne R.).18040010.................... Upper Stanislaus CA............. X ....... ........... Goodwin Dam.18040011.................... Upper Calaveras. CA............. X ....... ........... New Hogan Dam.18040012.................... Upper Mokelumne. CA............. X ....... ........... Camanche Dam.18040013.................... Upper Cosumnes.. CA............. X ....... ........... n/a.18050001.................... Suisun Bay...... CA............. X ....... ........... n/a.18050002.................... San Pablo Bay... CA............. X X ........... San Pablo Dam
(San Pablo
Cr.).18050003.................... Coyote.......... CA............. X X ........... LeRoy Anderson
Dam.18050004.................... San Francisco CA............. X X ........... n/a.
Bay.18050005.................... Tomales-Drake CA............. X X ........... Nicasio Dam
Bays. (Nicasio Cr.)
Peters Dam
(Lagunitas
Cr.).18050006.................... San Francisco CA............. ........ X ........... n/a.
Coastal South.18060015.................... Monterey Bay \6\ CA............. ........ X ........... Newell Dam
(Newell Cr.)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\1\ Cougar Dam is a barrier to coho salmon only. Chinook salmon are trapped and hauled above the dam.\2\ Big Cliff Dam is a barrier to coho salmon only. Chinook salmon are trapped and hauled above the dam.\3\ Capay Dam was selected as the upstream extent of EFH because it was identified as a complete barrier by NMFS
biologists and is located in the vicinity of the historical upstream extent of Chinook salmon distribution.\4\ Natural ``lower falls'' are downstream of any artificial barriers that would meet the criteria for
designating them as the upstream extent of EFH; therefore, the upstream extent of EFH within this HU is at the
``lower falls''.\5\ EFH for Chinook salmon in the Middle San Joaquin-Lower Chowchilla HU (18040001) and Lower San Joaquin River
HU (18040002) includes the San Joaquin River, its eastern tributaries, and the lower reaches of the western
tributaries. Although there is no evidence of current or historical Chinook salmon distribution in the western
tributaries (Yoshiyama et al. 2001), the lower reaches of these tributaries could provide juvenile rearing
habitat or refugia from high flows during floods as salmon migrate along the mainstem in this area.\6\ EFH for coho salmon in the Monterey Bay HU does not include the sections south of the Pajaro HU (18060002). [79 FR 75450, Dec. 18, 2014]