(a) Except as otherwise provided for in this section in connection with in-plant inspection and unless otherwise approved by the Administrator, samples shall be selected from each lot in the exact number of sample units indicated for the lot size in the applicable sampling plans. The lot size is to correspond to a sample size with a maximum of 29 sample units: Provided, that at the discretion of the inspection service, the number of sample units selected may be increased to the exact number of sample units indicated for any one of the larger sample sizes provided for in the appropriate plans. The samples size may be increased beyond 29 sample units in accordance with the following sampling plan: Sample Size..................................... 38 48 60Acceptance Number............................... 5 6 7
(b) Under the sampling plans with respect to any specified requirement:
(1) If the number of deviants (as defined in connection with the specific requirement) in the sample does not exceed the acceptance number prescribed for the sample size, the lot meets the requirement;
(2) If the number of deviants (as defined in connection with the specific requirement) in the sample exceeds the acceptance number prescribed for the sample size, the lot fails the requirement.
(c) If in the conduct of on-line in-plant inspection of a product covered by a grade standard which does not contain sampling plans, the sample is examined before the lot size is known and the number of sample units exceeds the prescribed sample size for such lot, but does not equal any of the prescribed larger sample sizes, the lot may be deemed to meet or fail a specific requirement in accordance with the following procedure:
(1) If the number of deviants (as defined in connection with the specific requirement) in the nonprescribed sample does not exceed the acceptance number of the next smaller sample size, the lot meets the requirement;
(2) If the number of deviants (as defined in connection with the specific requirement) in the nonprescribed sample equals the acceptance number prescribed for the next larger sample size, additional sample units shall be selected to increase the sample to the next larger prescribed sample size;
(3) If the number of deviants (as defined in connection with the specific requirement) in the nonprescribed sample exceeds the acceptance number prescribed for the next larger sample size, the lot fails the requirement.
(d) In the conduct of on-line in-plant inspection, sampling may be performed on a time interval basis. The sampling frequency shall be specified in an applicable grade standard or other procedural instruction approved by the Administrator.
(e) In the event that the lot compliance determination provisions of a standard or specification are based on the number of specified deviations instead of deviants the procedures set forth in this section may be applied by substituting the word ``deviation'' for the word ``deviant'' wherever it appears.
(f) Sampling plans referred to in this section are those contained in Tables I, II, III, IV, and V and (g)(1) and (g)(2) of this section which follow or any other plans which are applicable. For processed products not included in these tables, the minimum sample size shall be the exact number of sample units prescribed in the table, container group, and lot size that, as determined by the inspector, most closely resembles the product, type, container, size and amount of product to be sampled. The maximum sample size in tables I, II, III, IV, V, (g)(1), (g)(2) and processed products not included in these tables is 29 sample units.
(g)(1) Sampling plan for dried figs. For each 10,000 pounds (or fraction of 10,000 pounds) of product--6 sample units of approximately 35 figs each accumulated into 1 composite (at least 200 figs). Each composite will be examined separately, and all must meet the requirement for the U.S. Grade.
(1) Sampling plan for dried figs. For each 10,000 pounds (or fraction of 10,000 pounds) of product--6 sample units of approximately 35 figs each accumulated into 1 composite (at least 200 figs). Each composite will be examined separately, and all must meet the requirement for the U.S. Grade.
(2) Sampling plan for dried fruits other than dates and figs. For each 15,000 pounds (or fraction of 15,000 pounds) of product--sample units of approximately 16 ounces each accumulated into 1 composite (at least 100 ounces) Each composite will be examined separately and all must meet the requirements for the U.S. Grade.
Table I--Canned or Similarly Processed Fruits, Vegetables, and Products Containing Units of Such Size and
Character as To Be Readily Separable----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Lot size (number of containers) \1\
Container size group ------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Group 1: Any type container of a volume not exceeding 3,000 or 3,001 to 12,001 to 39,001 to 84,001 to
that of a No. 303 size can.............................. less 12,000 39,000 84,000 145,000Group 2: Any type of container of a volume exceeding that 1,500 or 1,501 to 6,001 to 19,501 to 42,001 to
of a No. 303 size can but not exceeding that of a No. 3 less 6,000 19,500 42,000 72,500
cylinder size can.......................................Group 3: Any type of container of a volume exceeding that 750 or 751 to 3,001 to 9,751 to 21,001 to
of a No. 3 cylinder size can, but not exceeding that of less 3,000 9,750 21,000 36,250
a No. 12 size can.......................................----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Group 4: Any type of container of a volume exceeding that
of a....................................................No. 12 size can..........................................
Convert to equivalent number of 6-lb. net weight
containers and use group 3----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Lot inspection sample size (no. of sample units) \2\..... 3 6 13 21 29Acceptance number........................................ 0 1 2 3 4On-line in-plant inspection sample size (no. of sample 3 6 6 13 21
units) \2\..............................................Acceptance number........................................ 0 1 1 2 3----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\1\ Under on-line in-plant inspection, a 5% overrun in number of containers may be permitted by the inspector
before going to the next larger sample size.
\2\ When a standard sample size is not specified in the U.S. grade standards, the sample units for the various
container size groups are as follows: Groups 1, 2, and 3--1 container and its entire contents. Group 4 that
approximately 2 pounds of product. When determined by the inspector that a 2-pound sample unit is inadequate,
a larger sample unit may be substituted.
Table II--Frozen or Similarly Processed Fruits, Vegetables, and Products Containing Units of Such Size and
Character as To Be Readily Separable----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Lot size (number of containers) \1\
Container size group ------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Group 1: Any type of container of 1 lb. or less.......... 2,400 or 2,401 to 9,601 to 31,201 to 67,201 to
less 9,600 31,200 67,200 116,000Group 2: Any type of container over 1 lb. but not over 2- 1,200 or 1,201 to 4,801 to 15,601 to 33,601 to
\1/2\ lbs. net weight................................... less 4,800 15,600 33,600 58,000----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Group 3: Any type of container over 2-\1/2\ lbs..........
Convert to equivalent number of 2-\1/2\ lb.
containers and use group 2----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Lot inspection sample size (no. of sample units) \2\..... 3 6 13 21 29Acceptance number........................................ 0 1 2 3 4On-line in-plant inspection sample size (no. of sample 3 6 6 13 21
units) \2\..............................................Acceptance number........................................ 0 1 1 2 3----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\1\ Under on-line in-plant inspection, a 5% overrun in number of containers may be permitted by the inspector
before going to the next larger sample size.\2\ When a standard sample unit size is not specified in the U.S. grade standards, the sample units for the
various container size groups are as follows: Groups 1 and 2--1 container and its entire contents. Group 3
containers up to 10 lbs.--approximately 3 pounds of product. When determined by the inspector that a 3-pound
sample unit is inadequate, a larger sample unit or 1 or more containers and their entire contents may be
substituted for 1 or more sample units of 3 lbs. Table III--Canned, Frozen, or Otherwise Processed Fruits, Vegetables, Related Products of a Comminuted, Fluid or
Homogeneous State----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Lot size (number of containers) \1\
Container size group ------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Group 1: Any type of container of 1 lb. or less.......... 4,500 or 4,501 to 18,001 to 58,501 to 126,001
less 18,000 56,000 126,000 to
217,000Group 2: Any type of container exceeding 1 lb. but not 3,000 or 3,001 to 12,001 to 39,001 to 84,001 to
exceeding 60 ounces..................................... less 12,000 39,000 84,000 145,000Group 3: Any type of container exceeding 60 ounces but 1,500 or 1,501 to 6,001 to 19,501 to 42,001 to
not exceeding 10 lbs.................................... less 6,000 19,500 42,000 72,500----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Group 4: Any type of container of a volume exceeding 10
lbs.....................................................
Convert to equivalent number of 6-lb. containers and
use group 3----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Lot inspection sample size (no. of sample units) \2\..... 3 6 13 21 29Acceptance number........................................ 0 1 2 3 4On-line in-plant inspection sample size (no. of sample 3 6 6 13 21
units) \2\..............................................Acceptance number........................................ 0 1 1 2 3----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\1\ Under on-line in-plant inspection, a 5% overrun in number of containers may be permitted by the inspector
before going to the next larger sample size.\2\ When a standard sample size is not specified in the U.S. grade standards, the sample units for the various
container size groups are as follows: Groups 1, 2, and 3--1 container and its entire contents. A smaller
sample unit may be substituted in Group 3 at the inspector's discretion. Group 4--approximately 16 ounces of
product. When determined by the inspector that a 16 ounce sample unit is inadequate, a larger sample unit may
be substituted.
Table IV--Dehydrated (Low-Moisture) Fruits, and Vegetables----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Lot size (number of containers) \1\
Container size group ------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Group 1: Any type of container of 1 lb. or less.......... 1,800 or 1,801 to 7,201 to 23,401 to 50,401 to
less 7,200 23,400 50,400 87,000Group 2: Any type of container over 1 lb. but not over 6 600 or 601 to 2,401 to 7,801 to 16,801 to
lbs. net weight......................................... less 2,400 7,800 16,800 29,000----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Group 3: Any type of container over 6 lbs................
Convert to equivalent number of 5 lb. containers and
use group 2----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Lot inspection sample size (no. of sample units) \2\..... 3 6 13 21 29
Acceptance number........................................ 0 1 2 3 4On-line in-plant inspection sample size (no. of sample 3 6 6 13 21
units) \2\..............................................Acceptance number........................................ 0 1 1 2 3----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\1\ Under on-line in-plant inspection, a 5% overrun in number of containers may be permitted by the inspector
before going to the next larger sample size.\2\ When a standard sample unit size is not specified in the U.S. grade standards, the sample units for the
various container size groups are as follows: Group 1--1 container and its entire contents. Groups 2 and 3--1
container and its entire contents or a smaller sample unit when determined by the inspector to be adequate.
Table V--Dates----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Lot size
(number of
Container size group containers)
\1\---------------------------------------------------------------------Group 1: Any type of container of 1 lb. or less net 2,400 or 2,401 to 9,601 to 31,201 to 67,201 to
weight................................................ less 9,600 31,200 67,000 116,000Group 2: Any type of container over 1 lb. but not over 800 or 801 to 3,201 to 10,401 to 22,401 to
5 lbs. net weight..................................... less 3,200 10,400 22,400 33,667----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Group 3: Any type of container over 5 lbs..............
Convert to equivalent number of 5 lb. containers and
use group 2----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Lot inspection sample size (no. of sample units) \2\... 3 6 13 21 29Acceptance number...................................... 0 1 2 3 4On-line in-plant inspection sample size (no. of sample 3 6 6 13 21
units) \2\............................................Acceptance number...................................... 0 1 1 2 3----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\1\ Under on-line in-plant inspection, a 5% overrun in number of containers may be permitted by the inspector
before going to the next larger sample size.\2\ When a standard sample size is not specified in the U.S. grade standards, the sample units for the various
container size groups are as follows: Groups 1 and 2--1 container and its entire contents. Group 3 containers
up to 10 pounds--1 container and its entire contents. Group 3 containers over 10 pounds--approximately three
pounds of product. When determined by the inspector that a 3-pound sample unit is inadequate, a larger sample
unit or 1 or more containers and their entire contents may be substituted for 1 or more sample units of 3
pounds. [38 FR 25166, Sept. 12, 1973; 38 FR 26903, Sept. 27, 1973. Redesignated at 42 FR 32514, June 27, 1977 and further redesignated at 46 FR 63203, Dec. 31, 1981, and amended at 51 FR 20439, June 5, 1986; 63 FR 50747, Sept. 23, 1998] Sec. 52.38a Definitions of terms applicable to statistical sampling.
(a) Terms applicable to both on-line inspection and lot inspection.
(1) Acceptable Quality Level (AQL). The maximum percent of defective units of product or the maximum number of defects per hundred units of product which are acceptable as a process average. At the AQL's contained in the statistical sampling plans of this subpart, production has a probability of acceptance (``Pa'') of approximately 95 percent.
(2) Acceptance sampling. Sampling inspection in which decisions are made to accept or reject product.
(3) Attributes. A method of measurement whereby units of product are examined for the presence or absence of specified characteristics in each unit in the sample.
(4) Defect. Any nonconformance of a unit of product from specified requirements of a single quality characteristic. Defects are classed as ``minor,'' ``major,'' ``severe'' or ``critical'' depending upon the severity and undesirability of the defect.
(5) Defective. A unit of product that has one or more defects.
(6) Inspection by attributes. Inspection whereby a unit of product is classified as defective or nondefective or the number or defects in the unit of product is counted.
(7) Standard sample unit size. A specified amount of product to be used for inspection.
(b) Terms applicable to on-line inspection only.
(1) Basic inspection period. A specified period of consecutive production designated for on-line inspection.
(2) Cumulative Sum Sampling (CuSum) Plan. An on-line sampling plan that accumulates the number of defects (or defectives), which exceed the sample unit tolerance (``T''), in a series of consecutive samples. Terms specific to the CuSum sampling plan are:
(i) Acceptance limit (``L''). The maximum accumulation of defects (or defectives) allowed to exceed the sample unit tolerance (``T'') in any sample unit or consecutive group of sample units.
(ii) CuSum value. The accumulated number of defects (or defectives) that exceed the sample unit tolerance (``T'').
(iii) Sample unit tolerance (``T''). The allowable number of defects (or defectives) in any sample unit.
(iv) Starting value (``S''). The initial CuSum value used to begin a CuSum sampling plan.
(3) On-line sampling inspection. The random selection and subsequent inspection of sample units from a production line.
(4) Probability of acceptance (``Pa''). The probability that a portion of production, with a given level of quality, will be accepted. In on-line sampling inspection, the probability of acceptance of any portion of production depends on the sample results obtained from the preceding portions. The probability of acceptance values associated with these procedures are the values which would be expected if a large number of sample units are to be inspected. For the CuSum plans referenced in these procedures, the probability of acceptance at the Acceptable Quality Level (AQL) is approximately 95 percent. The starting value (``S'') associated with each CuSum plan helps to make the probability of acceptance of the first portions of production of a basic inspection period as close as possible to 95 percent.
(c) Terms applicable to lot inspection only.
(1) Acceptance number. The largest number of defects (or defectives) in the sample that will permit acceptance of the inspection lot.
(2) Inspection lot. Any number of containers of the same size and type which contain a processed product of the same type and style, manufactured or processed under essentially the same conditions, offered for inspection and acceptance at one time.
(3) Probability of acceptance (``Pa''). The probability that an inspection lot, with a given level of quality, will be accepted. [43 FR 10540, Mar. 14, 1978. Redesignated at 46 FR 63203, Dec. 31, 1981] Sec. 52.38b Statistical sampling procedures for on-line inspectionby attributes of processed fruits and vegetables.
(a) General. The Cumulative Sum Sampling Plan, hereinafter referred to as ``CuSum,'' shall be used as the on-line sampling plan for attributes standards under the following conditions.
(1) The producer has designated the intended grade for the basic inspection period prior to the start of production.
(2) Inspection of the product shall be made during the basic inspection period at a point after which all product characteristics, subject to inspection, are fixed and will not be subject to change during final packaging.
(3) A shift to CuSum sampling plans from lot sampling plans during a basic inspection period is not permitted (or vice versa).
(b) Sampling rate/frequency. The minimum number of standard sample units to be drawn at random shall be determined by the applicable sampling procedure as approved by the Administrator.
(c) Determining CuSum values. At the beginning of the basic inspection period, the CuSum value is set equal to the starting value (``S'') for the specified CuSum plan. The CuSum value is then determined for each consecutive sample unit as follows:
(1) Add the number of defects (or defectives) for the present sample unit to the CuSum value of the previous sample unit.
(2) Subtract the sample unit tolerance (``T'').
(3) The CuSum value is reset in the following situations. However, determine compliance with the designated grade (see paragraph (d) of this section) prior to resetting the CuSum value:
(i) Reset the CuSum value to zero (0) if the CuSum value is less than zero (0).
(ii) Reset the CuSum value to the acceptance limit (``L'') if the CuSum value exceeds the acceptance limit (``L'').
(d) Determining compliance for a designated grade. (1) A portion of production meets the designated grade if the CuSum value, calculated from the sample unit representing that portion, is equal to or less than the acceptance limit (``L'') for all classes of defects.
(1) A portion of production meets the designated grade if the CuSum value, calculated from the sample unit representing that portion, is equal to or less than the acceptance limit (``L'') for all classes of defects.
(2) A portion of production fails the designated grade if the CuSum value, calculated from the sample unit representing that portion, exceeds the acceptance limit (``L'') for one or more classes of defects.
(e) Evaluation of production failing a designated grade. Production failing a designated grade shall be reevaluated by procedures approved by the USDA.
(f) Assigning a grade. (1) All similarly identified (e.g., codes, subcodes, etc.) production will be assigned the same grade.
(1) All similarly identified (e.g., codes, subcodes, etc.) production will be assigned the same grade.
(2) The grade assigned to similarly identified production will be the lowest grade assigned to any portion of that similarly identified production.
(g) Redesignation of producer's intended grade. If the intended grade is redesignated during a basic inspection period, a new CuSum sampling plan shall be instituted for each class of defects (or defectives).
(h) Cumulative Sum Sampling (CuSum) Plans for processed fruits and vegetables. (1) Tables VI through X contain the CuSum sampling plans for each of five different standard sample unit sizes. The plans within each table are listed according to increasing values of Acceptable Quality Levels (AQL's).
(1) Tables VI through X contain the CuSum sampling plans for each of five different standard sample unit sizes. The plans within each table are listed according to increasing values of Acceptable Quality Levels (AQL's).
(2) AQL values of 10.0 or less may be expressed either in ``defects per hundred units'' or in ``percent defective units.'' The same sampling plans are used for both. Separate sampling plans must be used for AQL values greater than 10.0.
(3) These tables also provide the quality levels associated with 50 percent and 10 percent probabilities of acceptance for each of the plans. These quality levels are expressed in the same units as the corresponding AQL values.
(4) A separate CuSum sampling plan is chosen for each class of defects (or defectives) by first specifying the desired AQL and then selecting the appropriate standard sample unit size. The quality levels associated with 50 percent and 10 percent probabilities of acceptance may be used as guides to help determine a suitable standard sample unit size.
Table VI--CuSum Sampling Plans
[Standard sample unit size=13]------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels
---------------
AQL S T L Pa= Pa=
50% 10%------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels expressed as defects per 100 units or percent defective------------------------------------------------------------------------0.65............................ 0.3 0.1 0.9 5.3 17.71.0............................. .2 .2 .8 5.6 17.71.5............................. 0 .5 0.5 7.7 19.22.2............................. .5 .5 1.5 8.2 19.24.0............................. .8 .8 2 9.7 19.65.0............................. 0 1 1 14.4 30.26.5............................. 1 1 2 14.7 30.28.5............................. 1 1.5 2.5 17.4 31.310.0............................ 1 1.8 2.6 18.8 32.0------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels expressed as defects per 100 units only------------------------------------------------------------------------12.5............................ 1 2 3 23.5 41.415.0............................ 1 2.5 3 26.1 42.820.0............................ 2 3 4 32.2 52.125.0............................ 1 4 3 40.3 62.333.0............................ 1 5 4 48.9 72.340.0............................ 2 6 5 57.1 82.150.0............................ 1 8 4 73.3 101.265.0............................ 2 10 5 89.9 120.085.0............................ 1 13 5 113.9 147.6100.0........................... 2 15 6 130.4 165.7150.0........................... 2 22 7 186.5 227.9250.0........................... 4 35 11 291.2 340.6------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels expressed as percent defective only------------------------------------------------------------------------12.5............................ 1 2 2 22.4 36.415.0............................ 1 2.5 2.5 25.0 37.420.0............................ 1 3 3 30.7 44.525.0............................ 1 4 2 38.1 52.833.0............................ 1 5 3 46.2 60.340.0............................ 1 6 3 53.8 67.450.0............................ 2 7 4 61.5 74.1------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table VII--CuSum Sampling Plans
[Standard sample unit size=25]------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels
---------------
AQL S T L Pa= Pa=
50% 10%------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels expressed as defects per 100 units or percent defective------------------------------------------------------------------------0.4............................. 0.3 0.1 0.9 2.8 9.20.65............................ .2 .2 .8 3.4 9.2
1.0............................. 0 .5 .5 4.0 10.01.5............................. 1 .5 2 4.3 10.02.5............................. 0 1 1 7.5 15.74.0............................. .5 1.5 2 9.0 16.35.0............................. 1.5 1.5 3 9.1 16.36.5............................. 1 2 3 12.2 21.58.5............................. 0 3 2 16.4 27.110.0............................ 1 3 3 16.7 27.1------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels expressed as defects per 100 units only------------------------------------------------------------------------12.5............................ 1 4 3 21.0 32.415.0............................ 1 5 3 25.2 37.620.0............................ 1 6 4 29.7 42.725.0............................ 1 8 3 37.7 52.733.0............................ 1 10 4 46.5 62.440.0............................ 2 12 5 55.1 72.050.0............................ 2 14 7 63.9 81.565.0............................ 3 18 8 80.7 100.185.0............................ 4 23 10 101.8 123.1100.0........................... 4 27 10 118.3 141.2------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels expressed as percent defective only------------------------------------------------------------------------12.5............................ 1 4 3 20.5 29.815.0............................ 0 5 2 24.3 34.320.0............................ 1 6 3 28.7 38.725.0............................ 2 7 4 33.0 43.033.0............................ 2 9 5 41.2 51.240.0............................ 2 11 5 49.2 59.150.0............................ 1 14 3 60.6 70.3------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table VIII--CuSum Sampling Plans
[Standard sample unit size=50]------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels
---------------
AQL S T L Pa= Pa=
50% 10%------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels expressed as defects per 100 units or percent defective------------------------------------------------------------------------0.15............................ 0.3 0.1 0.9 1.4 4.60.25............................ .2 .2 .8 1.5 4.60.4............................. 0 .5 .5 2.0 5.00.65............................ .5 .5 1.5 2.1 5.01.0............................. .4 .8 1.6 2.5 5.11.5............................. 1 1 2 3.8 7.92.5............................. 1.5 1.5 3 4.6 8.14.0............................. 1 2.5 3 6.8 11.15.0............................. 1 3 3 9.3 13.66.5............................. 1 4 3 10.5 16.28.5............................. 1 5 4 12.7 18.810.0............................ 1 6 4 14.9 21.4------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels expressed as defects per 100 units only------------------------------------------------------------------------12.5............................ 1 8 3 18.9 26.315.0............................ 1 9 4 21.1 28.820.0............................ 2 12 5 27.5 36.025.0............................ 2 14 7 31.9 40.733.0............................ 3 18 9 40.4 50.040.0............................ 3 22 9 48.7 59.350.0............................ 4 27 10 59.1 70.665.0............................ 4 35 11 75.7 88.585.0............................ 5 45 14 96.5 110.7------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels expressed as percent defective only------------------------------------------------------------------------12.5............................ 2 7 5 16.8 22.315.0............................ 1 9 4 20.9 27.220.0............................ 2 11 6 25.2 31.625.0............................ 2 14 5 31.2 38.133.0............................ 2 18 6 39.4 46.440.0............................ 1 22 5 47.3 54.450.0............................ 1 27 5 57.2 64.1------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table IX--CuSum Sampling Plans
[Standard sample unit size=100]------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels
---------------
AQL S T L Pa= Pa=
50% 10%------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels expressed as defects per 100 units or percent defective------------------------------------------------------------------------0.1............................. 0.3 0.1 0.9 0.7 2.30.15............................ .2 .2 .8 0.8 2.30.25............................ 0 .5 .5 1.0 2.50.4............................. 1 .5 2 1.1 2.50.65............................ 0 1 1 1.9 3.91.0............................. .5 1.5 2 2.2 4.11.5............................. 1 2 2 3.0 5.42.5............................. 1 3 3 4.2 6.84.0............................. 1 5 3 6.3 9.45.0............................. 1 6 4 7.4 10.76.5............................. 1 8 4 9.5 13.28.5............................. 2 1.0 5 11.7 15.610.0............................ 2 1.2 5 13.8 18.0------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels expressed as defects per 100 units only------------------------------------------------------------------------12.5............................ 2 14 7 16.0 20.415.0............................ 2 17 7 19.1 23.920.0............................ 3 22 9 24.4 29.625.0............................ 4 27 10 29.6 35.333.0............................ 3 36 10 38.8 45.440.0............................ 4 43 12 46.1 53.150.0............................ 5 53 14 56.4 64.1------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels expressed as percent defective only------------------------------------------------------------------------12.5............................ 2 14 6 15.8 19.715.0............................ 2 17 6 18.9 23.020.0............................ 2 22 7 24.0 28.525.0............................ 3 27 8 29.2 33.833.0............................ 3 35 9 37.3 42.140.0............................ 4 42 10 44.4 49.250.0............................ 4 52 10 54.3 59.1------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table X--CuSum Sampling Plans
[Standard sample unit size=200]------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels
---------------
AQL S T L Pa= Pa=
50% 10%------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels expressed as defects per 100 units or percent defective------------------------------------------------------------------------0.04............................ 0.3 0.1 0.9 0.3 1.20.065........................... 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.4 1.20.1............................. 0 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.30.15............................ 0.4 0.8 0.8 0.6 1.30.25............................ 0.4 0.8 1.6 0.6 1.30.4............................. 1 1 2 1.0 2.00.65............................ 1 1.8 2.6 1.2 2.11.0............................. 1 2.5 3 1.7 2.81.5............................. 1 4 3 2.6 4.12.5............................. 1 6 4 3.7 5.34.0............................. 1 10 4 5.8 7.85.0............................. 2 12 5 6.9 9.06.5............................. 2 15 6 8.5 10.88.5............................. 3 19 8 10.6 13.110.0............................ 3 22 9 12.2 14.8------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels expressed as defects per 100 units only------------------------------------------------------------------------12.5............................ 4 27 10 14.8 17.715.0............................ 3 33 9 17.8 21.020.0............................ 4 43 12 23.1 26.625.0............................ 5 53 14 28.2 32.133.0............................ 5 70 15 36.9 41.340.0............................ 6 84 18 44.1 48.850.0............................ 6 105 18 54.8 60.1------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels expressed as percent defective only------------------------------------------------------------------------12.5............................ 3 27 9 14.7 17.315.0............................ 4 32 10 17.3 20.020.0............................ 3 43 9 22.8 25.925.0............................ 4 53 11 27.9 31.133.0............................ 5 69 13 36.1 39.440.0............................ 5 83 14 43.1 46.550.0............................ 5 103 14 53.1 56.5------------------------------------------------------------------------ [43 FR 10540, Mar. 14, 1978. Redesignated at 46 FR 63203, Dec. 31, 1981] Sec. 52.38c Statistical sampling procedures for lot inspection ofprocessed fruits and vegetables by attributes.
(a) General. Single sampling plans shall be used as the lot sampling plan for attributes standards under either of the following conditions:
(1) Sampling of the product shall be made during the production period. No grade will be assigned to individual sample units. One grade determination only will be made at the end of the production period for the inspection lot.
(2) Sampling of the product shall be made when the inspection lot is located in a warehouse, truck, railroad car, or other similar conveyance.
(b) Sample size. Samples shall be randomly selected from each inspection lot in the exact number of sample units indicated for the lot size in tables XI through XIV as applicable for canned, frozen, dried, or dehydrated fruits and vegetables.
Table XI--Canned or Similarly Processed Fruits, Vegetables, and Products Containing Units of Such Size and
Character as To Be Readily Separable
[Lot sample size]----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Lot size (number of containers)
Container size group -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Group 1: Any type container of a 12,000 or less.... 12,001-39,000 39,001-84,000 84,001-145,000
volume not exceeding that of a
No. 303 size can.Group 2: Any type of container 6,000 or less..... 6,001-19,500 19,501-42,000 42,001-72,500
of a volume exceeding that of a
No. 303 size can but not
exceeding that of a No. 3
cylinder size can.Group 3: Any type of container 3,000 or less..... 3,001-9,750 9,751-21,000 21,001-36,250
of a volume exceeding that of a
No. 3 cylinder size can, but
not exceeding that of a No. 12
size can.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Group 4: Any type of container of a
volume exceeding that of a No. 12Convert to equivalent number of 6-lb. net weight containers and use group 3
size can.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Lot inspection: Sample size 6................. 13 21 29
(number of sample units).----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table XII--Frozen or Similarly Processed Fruits, Vegetables, and Products Containing Units of Such Size and
Character as To Be Readily Separable
[Lot sample size]----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Lot size (number of containers)
Container size group -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Group 1: Any type of container 9,600 or less.... 9,601-31,200 31,201-67,200 67,201-116,000
of 1 lb or less net weight.Group 2: Any type of container 4,800 or less.... 4,801-15,600 15,601-33,600 33,601-58,000
over 1 lb but not over 2\1/2\
lb net weight.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Group 3: Any type of container overConvert to equivalent number of 2\1/2\-lb. containers and use group 2
2\1/2\ lbs.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Lot inspection: Sample size 6................ 13 21 29
(number of sample units).----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table XIII--Canned, Frozen, or Otherwise Processed Fruits, Vegetables, Related Products of a Comminuted, Fluid
or Homogeneous State
[Lot sample size]----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Lot size (number of containers)
Container size group -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Group 1: Any type of container 18,000 or less... 18,001-58,500 58,501-126,000 126,001-217,000
of 1 lb or less.Group 2: Any type of container 12,000 or less... 12,001-39,000 39,001-84,000 84,001-145,000
exceeding 1 lb. but not
exceeding 60 oz.Group 3: Any type of container 6,000 or less.... 6,001-19,500 19,501-42,000 42,001-72,500
exceeding 60 oz but not
exceeding 10 lb.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Group 4: Any type of containerConvert to equivalent number of 6-lb. containers and use group 3.
exceeding 10 lbs.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Lot inspection: Sample size 6................ 13 21 29
(number of sample units).----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table XIV--Dehydrated (Low-Moisture) Fruits, and Vegetables
[Lot sample size]----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Lot size (number of containers)
Container size group -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Group 1: Any type of container 7,200 or less.... 7,201-23,400 23,401-50,400 50,401-87,000
of 1 lb or less net weight.Group 2: Any type of container 2,400 or less.... 2,401-7,800 7,801-16,800 16,801-29,000
over 1 lb but not over 6 lb net
weight.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Group 3: Any type of container over 6Convert to equivalent number of 5-lb. containers and use group 2.
lbs.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Lot inspection: Sample size 6................ 13 21 29
(number of sample units).----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(c) Determining compliance. (1) An inspection lot meets the requirements of a quality grade if the number of defects (or defectives) is equal to or less than the acceptance numbers of all classes of defects.
(1) An inspection lot meets the requirements of a quality grade if the number of defects (or defectives) is equal to or less than the acceptance numbers of all classes of defects.
(2) An inspection lot fails the requirements of a quality grade if the number of defects (or defectives) exceeds the acceptance number for one or more classes of defects.
(d) Lot single sampling plans for processed fruits and vegetables. (1) Tables XV through XIX contain the lot single sampling plans for each of five different standard sample unit sizes. The plans within each table are listed according to increasing values of Acceptable Quality Levels (AQL's).
(1) Tables XV through XIX contain the lot single sampling plans for each of five different standard sample unit sizes. The plans within each table are listed according to increasing values of Acceptable Quality Levels (AQL's).
(2) AQL values of 10.0 or less may be expressed either in ``defects per hundred units'' or in ``percent defective units.'' The same sampling plans are used for both. Separate sampling plans must be used for AQL values greater than 10.0.
(3) A separate lot single sampling plan is chosen for each class of defects (or defectives) by first specifying the desired AQL, the appropriate standard sample unit size, and the number of sample units as specified in Sec. 52.38c (b) of this subpart. The quality levels associated with the Pa=50% and Pa=10% levels are given in the instructional manual.
Table XV--Lot Single Sampling Plans
[Standard sample unit size=6]------------------------------------------------------------------------
Number of sample units
-------------------------------
6 13 21 29------------------------------------------------------------------------Acceptance numbers--quality levels expressed as defects per 100 units or
percent defective--AQL------------------------------------------------------------------------1.0..................................... 1 2 3 41.5..................................... 1 3 4 52.5..................................... 3 4 6 84.0..................................... 4 6 9 115.0..................................... 4 7 11 146.5..................................... 5 9 13 178.5..................................... 6 11 16 2110.0.................................... 7 12 19 24------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels expressed as defects per 100 units only------------------------------------------------------------------------12.5.................................... 8 15 22 2915.0.................................... 9 17 26 3520.0.................................... 12 22 33 4425.0.................................... 14 27 41 5433.0.................................... 18 34 52 7040.0.................................... 21 40 62 8350.0.................................... 25 49 76 10265.0.................................... 31 62 97 13185.0.................................... 40 80 124 168100.0................................... 46 92 144 196150.0................................... 66 135 212 288250.0................................... 105 218 344 469------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels expressed as percent defective only------------------------------------------------------------------------12.5.................................... 8 15 22 2915.0.................................... 9 17 25 3420.0.................................... 11 21 33 4325.0.................................... 13 26 39 5333.0.................................... 16 32 50 6740.0.................................... 19 38 59 8050.0.................................... 23 46 72 98------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table XVI--Lot Single Sampling Plans
[Standard sample unit size=13]------------------------------------------------------------------------
Number of sample units
-------------------------------
6 13 21 29------------------------------------------------------------------------Acceptance numbers--quality levels expressed as defects per 100 units or
percent defective--AQL------------------------------------------------------------------------0.65.................................... 1 3 4 51.0..................................... 2 4 6 71.5..................................... 3 5 8 102.5..................................... 4 8 11 154.0..................................... 6 11 16 225.0..................................... 7 13 20 266.5..................................... 9 17 25 338.5..................................... 11 21 31 4110.0.................................... 12 24 36 48------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels expressed as defects per 100 units only------------------------------------------------------------------------12.5.................................... 15 29 44 5815.0.................................... 17 34 51 6920.0.................................... 22 43 67 9025.0.................................... 27 53 82 11033.0.................................... 34 68 106 14340.0.................................... 40 81 126 17150.0.................................... 49 99 156 21165.0.................................... 62 127 199 27185.0.................................... 80 163 257 350100.0................................... 92 190 300 409------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels expressed as percent defective only------------------------------------------------------------------------12.5.................................... 15 28 43 5815.0.................................... 17 33 51 6820.0.................................... 21 42 65 8825.0.................................... 26 51 80 10833.0.................................... 32 66 103 13940.0.................................... 38 78 123 16650.0.................................... 46 95 150 204------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table XVII--Lot Single Sampling Plans
[Standard sample unit size=25]------------------------------------------------------------------------
Number of sample units
-------------------------------
6 13 21 29------------------------------------------------------------------------Acceptance numbers--quality levels expressed as defects per 100 units or
percent defective--AQL------------------------------------------------------------------------0.4..................................... 2 3 5 60.65.................................... 3 5 7 81.0..................................... 4 6 9 121.5..................................... 5 9 13 162.5..................................... 7 13 19 254.0..................................... 10 19 29 385.0..................................... 12 23 35 466.5..................................... 15 29 44 588.5..................................... 19 36 56 7410.0.................................... 21 42 64 86------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels expressed as defects per 100 units only------------------------------------------------------------------------12.5.................................... 26 51 79 10615.0.................................... 30 60 93 12620.0.................................... 39 78 122 16525.0.................................... 48 96 150 20333.0.................................... 61 124 195 26540.0.................................... 73 149 234 31850.0.................................... 89 183 289 39465.0.................................... 114 235 372 507------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels expressed as percent defective only------------------------------------------------------------------------12.5.................................... 25 50 78 10515.0.................................... 30 59 92 12520.0.................................... 38 77 120 16325.0.................................... 46 94 148 20033.0.................................... 59 121 191 26040.0.................................... 70 145 228 31250.0.................................... 85 177 281 385------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table XVIII--Lot Single Sampling Plans
[Standard sample unit size=50]------------------------------------------------------------------------
Number of sample units
-------------------------------
6 13 21 29------------------------------------------------------------------------Acceptance numbers--quality levels expressed as defects per 100 units or
percent defective--AQL------------------------------------------------------------------------0.15.................................... 1 3 4 50.25.................................... 2 4 5 70.4..................................... 3 5 8 100.65.................................... 4 8 11 151.0..................................... 6 11 16 211.5..................................... 8 15 22 292.5..................................... 12 23 35 464.0..................................... 18 34 53 705.0..................................... 21 42 64 866.5..................................... 27 53 82 1108.5..................................... 34 67 105 14210.0.................................... 39 78 122 165------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels expressed as defects per 100 units only------------------------------------------------------------------------12.5.................................... 48 96 150 20315.0.................................... 56 114 178 24220.0.................................... 73 149 234 31825.0.................................... 89 183 289 39433.0.................................... 115 239 377 51440.0.................................... 138 287 454 62050.0.................................... 170 355 563 769------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels expressed as percent defective only------------------------------------------------------------------------12.5.................................... 47 95 149 20215.0.................................... 55 112 177 24020.0.................................... 71 147 231 31525.0.................................... 87 181 286 39033.0.................................... 112 234 372 50840.0.................................... 134 281 446 61150.0.................................... 164 346 552 756------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table XIX--Lot Single Sampling Plans
[Standard sample unit size=100]------------------------------------------------------------------------
Number of sample units
-------------------------------
6 13 21 29------------------------------------------------------------------------Acceptance numbers--quality levels expressed as defects per 100 units or
percent defective--AQL------------------------------------------------------------------------0.1..................................... 2 3 5 60.15.................................... 3 4 6 80.25.................................... 4 6 9 120.4..................................... 5 9 13 170.65.................................... 7 13 20 261.0..................................... 10 19 29 381.5..................................... 14 27 41 542.5..................................... 21 42 64 864.0..................................... 32 64 99 1345.0..................................... 39 78 122 1656.5..................................... 49 99 156 2118.5..................................... 63 128 200 27210.0.................................... 73 149 234 31812.5.................................... 89 183 289 39415.0.................................... 105 218 344 46920.0.................................... 138 287 454 62025.0.................................... 170 355 563 76933.0.................................... 221 463 736 1,00840.0.................................... 266 558 888 1,21650.0.................................... 329 692 1,103 1,513------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quality levels expressed as percent defective only------------------------------------------------------------------------12.5.................................... 88 182 287 39215.0.................................... 104 216 342 46720.0.................................... 136 284 450 61525.0.................................... 167 351 558 76333.0.................................... 217 457 728 99940.0.................................... 260 549 877 1,20350.0.................................... 320 680 1,088 1,494------------------------------------------------------------------------ [43 FR 10542, Mar. 14, 1978. Redesignated at 46 FR 63203, Dec. 31, 1981]