(a) The final reported emission test results are computed by use of the following formula: [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT] Where:Awm = Weighted mass emission level (HC, CO, CO2,
PM, or NOX) in g/kW-hr.gi = Mass flow in grams per hour, = grams measured during the
mode divided by the sample time for the mode.WFi = Effective weighing factor.Pi = Power measured during each mode (Power set = zero for
the idle mode).
(b) The mass of each pollutant for each mode for bag measurements and diesel heat exchanger system measurements is determined from the following equations:
(1) Hydrocarbon mass: HCmass= Vmix x DensityHC x (HCconc/10\6\)
(2) Oxides of nitrogen mass: NOXmass = Vmix x DensityNO2 x KH x (NOXconc/10\6\)
(3) Carbon monoxide mass: COmass= Vmixx DensityCOx (COconc/10\6\)
(4) Carbon dioxide mass: CO2mass= Vmixx DensityCO2 x (CO2conc/102)
(c) The mass of each pollutant for the mode for flow compensated sample systems is determined from the following equations: [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT] [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]
(d) Meaning of symbols:
(1) For hydrocarbon equations: HCmass= Hydrocarbon emissions, in grams per test mode.DensityHC= Density of hydrocarbons is (.5800 kg/m\3\) for
1 diesel, and (0.5746 kg/m\3\) for 2 diesel,
assuming an average carbon to hydrogen ratio of 1:1.93 for
1 diesel, and 1:1.80 for 2 diesel at 20 C
and 101.3 kPa pressure.HCconc= Hydrocarbon concentration of the dilute exhaust
sample corrected for background, in ppm carbon equivalent
(that is, equivalent propane times 3).
[GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]
Where: HCe= Hydrocarbon concentration of the dilute exhaust bag
sample or, for diesel heat exchanger systems, average
hydrocarbon concentration of the dilute exhaust sample as
calculated from the integrated HC traces, in ppm carbon
equivalent. For flow compensated sample systems
(HCe)i is the instantaneous
concentration.HCd= Hydrocarbon concentration of the dilution air as
measured, in ppm carbon equivalent.
(2) For oxides of nitrogen equations: NOXmass = Oxides of nitrogen emissions, in grams per test
mode.Density NO2= Density of oxides of nitrogen is 1.913 kg/m\3\,
assuming they are in the form of nitrogen dioxide, at 20 C
and 101.3 kPa pressure.NOXconc= Oxides of nitrogen concentration of the dilute
exhaust sample corrected for background, in ppm:
[GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]
Where: NOX.= Oxides of nitrogen concentration of the dilute exhaust
bag sample as measured, in ppm. For flow compensated sample
systems (NOX.)i is the instantaneous
concentration.NOX.= Oxides of nitrogen concentration of the dilute air as
measured, in ppm.
(3) For carbon monoxide equations: COmass=Carbon monoxide emissions, grams per test mode. DensityCO=Density of carbon monoxide (1.164 kg/m\3\ at 20 C and 101.3 kPa pressure).COconc=Carbon monoxide concentration of the dilute exhaust sample corrected for background, water vapor, and CO2 extraction, ppm. [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT] Where: COe=Carbon monoxide concentration of the dilute exhaust bag
sample volume corrected for water vapor and carbon dioxide
extraction, ppm. For flow compensated sample systems,
(COe)i is the instantaneous
concentration.
The following calculation assumes the carbon to hydrogen ratio of the fuel is 1:1.85. As an option the measured actual carbon to hydrogen ratio may be used: COe=[1-0.01925CO2.-0.000323R]COem Where: COem=Carbon monoxide concentration of the dilute exhaust
sample as measured, ppm.CO2.=Carbon dioxide concentration of the dilute exhaust bag
sample, in percent, if measured. For flow compensated sample
systems, (CO2)i is the instantaneous
concentration. For cases where exhaust sampling of
CO2 is not performed, the following approximation
is permitted:
[GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]
\a\=Average carbon to hydrogen ratio.M \1\ = Fuel mass consumed during the mode.R=Relative humidity of the dilution air, percent.COd=Carbon monoxide concentration of the dilution air
corrected for water vapor extraction, ppm.COd=(1-0.000323R)COdmWhere: COdm=Carbon monoxide concentration of the dilution air sample
as measured, ppm.
(Note: If a CO instrument that meets the criteria specified in 40 CFR part 1065, subpart C, is used without a sample dryer according to 40 CFR 1065.145, COem must be substituted directly for COe and COdm must be substituted directly for COd.)
(4) For carbon dioxide equation: CO2mass=Carbon dioxide emissions, in grams per test mode.Density CO2=Density of carbon dioxide is 1.830 kg/m\3\, at 20
C and 760 mm Hg pressure.CO2conc=Carbon dioxide concentration of the dilute exhaust
sample corrected for background, in percent.
[GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]
Where: CO2.=Carbon dioxide concentration of the dilution air as
measured, in percent.
[GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]
(6) Measured ``dry'' concentrations shall be corrected to a wet basis, if not already measured on a wet basis. This section is applicable only for measurements made on dilute exhaust gas. Correction to a wet basis shall be according to the following formula: ConcWET = KW x ConcDRY
Where: KW is determined according to the equation in paragraph (d)(6)(i) or (d)(6)(ii), of this section.
(i) For wet CO2 measurement:
[GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]
(ii) For dry CO2 measurement: [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]
(iii) For the equations in paragraph (d)(6)(i) and (d)(6)(ii) of this section, the following equation applies: [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]
Where: Ha and Hd are the grams of water per kilogram of dry air; as illustrated in the following equations: [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]
(e) The final modal reported brake-specific fuel consumption (bsfc) shall be computed by use of the following formula: [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT] Where: bsfc = brake-specific fuel consumption for a mode in grams of fuel per
kilowatt-hour (kW-hr).M = mass of fuel in grams, used by the engine during a mode.kW-hr = total kilowatts integrated with respect to time for a mode.
(f) The mass of fuel for the mode is determined from mass fuel flow measurements made during the mode, or from the following equation: [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT] Where: M=Mass of fuel, in grams, used by the engine during the mode.Gs=Grams of carbon measured during the mode: [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT] R2=Grams C in fuel per gram of fuel Where: HCmass=hydrocarbon emissions, in grams for the modeCO2mass=carbon monoxide emissions, in grams for the modeCO2mass=carbon dioxide emissions, in grams for the mode[alpha]=The atomic hydrogen to carbon ratio of the fuel. [59 FR 31335, June 17, 1994. Redesignated and amended at 63 FR 56996, 57018, Oct. 23, 1998; 70 FR 40446, July 13, 2005] Sec. 89.425 [Reserved]
Sec. Appendix A to Subpart E of Part 89--Figures
[GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT] [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT] [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT] [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT] [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT] [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT] [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]
Sec. Appendix B to Subpart E of Part 89--Tables
Table 1--8-Mode Test Cycle for Variable-Speed Engines----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Observed
torque \2\ Minimum
Test segment Mode number Engine speed \1\ (percent of time in Weighting
max. mode factors
observed) (minutes)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1............................... 1.................. Rated............. 100 5.0 0.151............................... 2.................. Rated............. 75 5.0 0.151............................... 3.................. Rated............. 50 5.0 0.151............................... 4.................. Rated............. 10 5.0 0.102............................... 5.................. Int............... 100 5.0 0.102............................... 6.................. Int............... 75 5.0 0.102............................... 7.................. Int............... 50 5.0 0.102............................... 8.................. Idle.............. 0 5.0 0.15----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\1\ Engine speed (non-idle): [2 percent of point. Engine speed (idle): Within manufacturer's specifications.
Idle speed is specified by the manufacturer.\2\ Torque (non-idle): Throttle fully open for 100 percent points. Other non-idle points: [2 percent of engine
maximum value. Torque (idle): Throttle fully closed. Load less than 5 percent of peak torque.
Table 2--5-Mode Test Cycle for Constant-Speed Engines----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Observed
torque \2\ Minimum
Mode number Engine \1\ Speed (percent of time in Weighting
max. mode factors
observed) (minutes)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1......................................... Rated........................ 100 5.0 0.052......................................... Rated........................ 75 5.0 0.253......................................... Rated........................ 50 5.0 0.30
4......................................... Rated........................ 25 5.0 0.305......................................... Rated........................ 10 5.0 0.10----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\1\ Engine speed: [2 percent of point.\2\ Torque: Throttle fully open for 100 percent point. Other points: [2 percent of engine maximum value.
Table 3--6-Mode Test Cycle for Engines Rated Under 19 kW----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Observed
torque \2\ Minimum
Mode number Engine speed \1\ (percent of time in Weighting
max. mode factors
observed) (minutes)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1......................................... Rated........................ 100 5.0 0.092......................................... Rated........................ 75 5.0 0.203......................................... Rated........................ 50 5.0 0.294......................................... Rated........................ 25 5.0 0.305......................................... Rated........................ 10 5.0 0.076......................................... Idle......................... 0 5.0 0.05----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\1\ Engine speed (non-idle): [2 percent of point. Engine speed (idle): Within manufacturer's specifications.
Idle speed is specified by the manufacturer.\2\ Torque (non-idle): Throttle fully open for operation at 100 percent point. Other nonidle points: [2 percent
of engine maximum value. Torque (idle): Throttle fully closed. Load less than 5 percent of peak torque.
Table 4--4-Mode Test Cycle for Propulsion Marine Diesel Engines----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Engine speed Observed power
\1\ (percent \2\ (percent Minimum time Weighting
Mode number of max. of max. in mode factors
observed) observed) (minutes)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1............................................... 100 100 5.0 0.202............................................... 91 75 5.0 0.503............................................... 80 50 5.0 0.154............................................... 63 25 5.0 0.15----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\1\ Engine speed: [2 percent of point.\2\ Power: Throttle fully open for operation at 100 percent point. Other points: [2 percent of engine maximum
value. [63 FR 57019, Oct. 23, 1998]